Efficient and ultraviolet durable inverted polymer solar cells using thermal stable GZO-AgTi-GZO multilayers as a transparent electrode

High Efficiency and Stability of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Using Phenethyl Ammonium Iodide-Modified Interface of NiOx and Perovskite Layers

“…At present, n-i-p planar PSCs compared to those of p-i-n PSCs show better PCEs. However, the typical n-type SnO x material has stronger photocatalytic ability than that of p-type NiO x , − which may accelerate the deterioration of PSCs under UV exposure. Therefore, developing p-i-n NiO x -based PSCs has potential advantages to realize the long-term photostability of PSCs.…”

Low-Temperature Fabrication of High-Performance and Stable GZO/Ag/GZO Multilayer Structures for Transparent Electrode Applications

“…In order to keep a low resistance and conversely maintain high optical transmittance, oxide-metal-oxide multilayered structures have recently received renewed interest as a highly promising route towards the production of flexible large area OLEDs and solar cells [3,[18][19][20]. In this case, Ag is the optimal metal because of its low resistivity (approximately 1.6 × 10 −6 Ω•cm) and relatively low cost [21], whereas Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) is the optimal oxide due to its abundance, low cost, superior optical features, and rather high stability [22,23].…”

“…Various deposition techniques have been used to produce oxide-metal-oxide structures, including thermal evaporation [24], electron beam evaporation [25], spray pyrolysis [26], sol-gel methods [27], ion beam sputtering [28], and magnetron sputtering [18][19][20]28]. Low-cost wet chemical methods are usually the starting point and benchmark for most academic and industrial processes that require a thin and uniform coating, but the transparent electrodes obtained by these techniques have resulted in inferior electrical features compared with those deposited by ion plasma methods [25,29,30].…”

“…Low-cost wet chemical methods are usually the starting point and benchmark for most academic and industrial processes that require a thin and uniform coating, but the transparent electrodes obtained by these techniques have resulted in inferior electrical features compared with those deposited by ion plasma methods [25,29,30]. In this sense, it appears that DC magnetron sputtering is the most promising technique in terms of the industrial deposition of uniform films at a proper deposition rate [18]. From the point of view of the deposition of transparent electrodes on flexible substrates covering a large area, it is also very important to achieve TC films with good performance stability by using low-temperature processes [28,31].…”

Application of luminescence downshifting materials for enhanced stability of CH3NH3PbI3(1-x)Cl3x perovskite photovoltaic devices

“…The degradation of the devices is caused by a number of environmental factors including intensity of UV and visible light, humidity and temperature [13][14][15][16] . These processes can be mitigated by a number of preparation techniques including addition of environmental barrier layers and UV filters 17 , as well as by optimizing active layer materials to develop more robust absorbers 18 or control of grain size in the films 19,20 . This second strategy requires a careful study of the changes in the optical and morphological properties of the films caused by the action of stressors.…”