Efficient and recyclable visible light-active nickel–phosphorus co-doped TiO2 nanocatalysts for the abatement of methylene blue dye

Abstract

The present investigation aimed to design a best performing improved photocatalytic-active material of extensive implications and suitable to achieve the emerging needs of water pollution abatement. In view of the above, the present research work planned to synthesized nickel and phosphorus double-doped TiO 2 (NPT's) by the sol-gel process, characterized by advanced instrumental techniques and applied for the abatement of methylene blue (MB) under visible light. Characterization results demonstrated that nickel and phosphorus co-doped TiO 2 samples showed anatase phase determined by XRD. Structural aspects such as smooth surface with spherical shape morphology, less band gap, less particle size, and high surface area when compared with bare TiO 2 were determined by SEM, UV-Vis. DRS, TEM and BET, respectively. The elemental composition and oxidation states were identified by XPS analysis. The substitutional doping of Ti 4+ ion by Ni 2+ , P 5+ ion and P 3− ion with oxygen in the TiO 2 lattice was evaluated by FT-IR spectroscopy. Based on the characterization results, the catalyst NPT5 was applied for the abatement of MB at various optimum reaction conditions, with pH 10, catalyst weight 0.1 g/l and starting MB concentration 10 mg/l. At these reaction conditions, the degradation was completed within 75 min in the visible light. The photostability of the NPT5 was verified by recycling up to five cycles. Finally, this research work was concluded with a plausible mechanism, using reactive species generated during the degradation process and these species were simultaneously tested using scavenger reagents.

Waxberry‐Shaped Ordered Mesoporous P‐TiO2−x Microspheres as High‐Performance Cathodes for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

“…[ 36 ] As shown in the P 2 p XPS spectrum, the two peaks at 132.8 and 134.4 eV could be assigned to the P–O–Ti bond and the PO 3 3− (Figure 3e). [ 36,37 ] At the same time, the defect properties of the EPR were researched. The obvious signal of P‐TiO 2− x near g = 2.034 could be attributed to the oxygen vacancies (Figure 3f), which further confirms the successful introduction of oxygen vacancies during the phosphorus doping.…”

Hydrodynamic cavitation-enhanced photocatalytic activity of P-doped TiO2 for degradation of ciprofloxacin: Synergetic effect and mechanism

“…The peak at 133.9 eV belongs to P 2p 2/3 ( Fig. 5 d), indicating the presence of P 5+ in the P-TiO 2 -0.04 [42] . The XPS results verified the successful synthesis of a P-doped TiO 2 photocatalyst.…”

Leidenfrost green synthesis method for MoO3 and WO3 nanorods preparation: characterization and methylene blue adsorption ability

“…Also, because it has benzene rings, it is hard to biodegrade in nature and will accumulate in water [ 3 , 8 ]. It is a toxic compound that causes many human diseases such as diarrhea, gastritis, dermatology, mutation, permanent eye damage, nausea, vomiting, mental confusion and cancer [ 9 – 11 ]. The removal of dye from the environment is a major requirement.…”