Efficiency of treatments for controlling Trichoderma spp during spawning in cultivation of lignicolous mushrooms

Abstract

Trichoderma spp is the cause of the green mold disease in mushroom cultivation production. Many disinfection treatments are commonly applied to lignocellulose substrates to prevent contamination. Mushroom growers are usually worried about the contaminations that may occur after these treatments during handling or spawning. The aim of this paper is to estimate the growth of the green mold Trichoderma sp on lignocellulose substrates after different disinfection treatments to know which of them is more effective to avoid contamination during spawning phase. Three different treatments were assayed: sterilization (121 °C), immersion in hot water (60 and 80 °C), and immersion in alkalinized water. Wheat straw, wheat seeds and Eucalyptus or Populus sawdust were used separately as substrates. After the disinfection treatments, bagged substrates were sprayed with 3 mL of suspension of conidia of Trichoderma sp (105 conidia/mL) and then separately spawned with Pleurotus ostreatus or Gymnopilus pampeanus. The growth of Trichoderma sp was evaluated based on a qualitative scale. Trichoderma sp could not grow on non-sterilized substrates. Immersions in hot water treatments and immersion in alkalinized water were also unfavorable treatments for its growth. Co- cultivation with mushrooms favored Trichoderma sp growth. Mushroom cultivation disinfection treatments of lignocellulose substrates influence on the growth of Trichoderma sp when contaminations occur during spawning phase. The immersion in hot water at 60 °C for 30 min or in alkalinized water for 36 h, are treatments which better reduced the contaminations with Trichoderma sp during spawning phase for the cultivation of lignicolous species.

Effect of Different substrate Disinfection Methods on the Production of Pleurotus ostreatus

“…was practically the same at 60 °C and 80 °C and if the mushroom grower uses an immersion in hot water treatment, 60 °C should be used to save energy and lower production costs. But our results are not confirmed by the findings of Colavolpe et al (2014). The substrates disinfected by scalding at 60 o C constituted a suitable medium to mycelial growth on the substate, but then growth of Trichoderma spp.…”

Symptomatology of fungal competitors on oyster mushroom’s spawn packets and in vitro evaluation using phytoextracts and a fungicide

“…There might be an interaction between Trichoderma sp. and the mushroom due to the enzymatic action on substrate by mushroom that favors green mold fungal growth (Colavolpe et al, 2015). Antifungal activity of different plant extracts have been reported earlier by several investigators against a number of plant pathogens (Ashrafuzzaman et al, 1990).…”

Genome sequencing and functional characterization of aDictyopanus pusillusfungal extract offers a promising alternative for lignocellulose pretreatment of oil palm residues

“…From all fruit bodies collected, twelve axenic cultures were obtained and thirty one isolations exhibited fungal contamination from biota mycoparasitism associated to basidiomycetes, mainly from Trichoderma species (data not shown). These fungi possess fungicide and antagonistic activity against basidiomycete cell walls, in addition to releasing enzymes such as chitinases and glucanases (45,46). Moreover, basidiomycete recovery from collected samples can also suffer from competition with ascomycete fungi.…”