Efficiency of the inertial wind capture of pesticide aerosols by vegetation species

Makarov, Valery; Ankilov, A. N.; Koutsenogii, K.P.; Borodulin, A.I.; Samsonov, Yu. N.

doi:10.1016/0021-8502(96)00106-1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…These eddy-flux 8 studies of fine particles showed the defoliated forest to have lower deposition velocities than the pine forests. Makarov et al (1996) had similar results in studies of the dry deposition of pesticide aerosols on pine needles and birch leaves.…”

Section: Deposition To Vegetation Canopiessupporting

confidence: 58%

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Improved Formulations for Air-Surface Exchanges Related to National Security Needs: Dry Deposition Models

Droppo¹

2006

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SummaryThe Department of Homeland Security and others rely on results from atmospheric dispersion models for threat evaluation, event management, and post-event analyses. The ability to simulate dry deposition rates is a crucial part of our emergency preparedness capabilities. Deposited materials pose potential hazards from radioactive shine, inhalation, and ingestion pathways. A reliable characterization of these potential exposures is critical for management and mitigation of these hazards.A review was conducted of the current status of dry deposition formulations used in these atmospheric dispersion models. The formulations for dry deposition of particulate materials considered an event such as a radiological attack involving a Radiological Detonation Device (RDD). The results of this effort are applicable to current emergency preparedness capabilities, such as are deployed in the Interagency Modeling and Atmospheric Assessment Center (IMAAC), other similar national/regional emergency response systems, and stand-alone emergency response models.The review concludes that dry deposition formulations need to consider the full range of particle sizes, including: 1) the accumulation mode range (0.1 to 1 micron in diameter) and its minimum deposition velocity, 2) smaller particles (less than 0.01 micron diameter) deposited mainly by molecular diffusion, 3) 10 to 50 micron diameter particles deposited mainly by impaction and gravitational settling, and 4) larger particles (greater than 100 micron diameter) deposited mainly by gravitational settling. The effects of the local turbulence intensity, particle characteristics, and surface element properties must also be addressed in the formulations.Specific improvements recommended for dry deposition formulations are 1) the capability of simulating near-field dry deposition patterns, 2) the capability of addressing the full range of potential particle properties, 3) the incorporation of particle surface retention/rebound processes, and 4) the development of dry deposition formulations applicable to urban areas. Also, to improve dry deposition modeling capabilities, atmospheric dispersion models in which the dry deposition formulations are imbedded need better source-term plume initialization and improved in-plume treatment of particle growth processes.Dry deposition formulations used in current models are largely inapplicable to the complex urban environment. An improved capability is urgently needed to provide surface-specific information to assess local-exposure hazard levels in both urban and non-urban areas on roads, buildings, crops, rivers, etc.A model improvement plan is developed with a near-term and far-term component. Despite some conceptual limitations, the current formulations for particle deposition based on a resistance approach have proven to be reasonable dry deposition simulations. For many models with inadequate dry deposition formulations, adding or improving a resistance approach will be the desirable near-term update. Resistance models, however, are i...

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Section: Deposition To Vegetation Canopiessupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Makarov et al (1996) studied the differences in dry deposition between pine needles and birch leaves. Wesely, Cook, and Hart (1983) studied dry deposition on a defoliated deciduous forest canopy.…”

Section: Urban Deposition Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Formulations for Air-Surface Exchanges Related to National Security Needs: Dry Deposition Models

Droppo¹

2006

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“…The spray drift, which is usually measured near to where the applications are carried out, is made up of droplets, although it can also be composed of solid particles or vapour. These last two fractions can travel long distances in the atmosphere till they are deposited far away from the source [2,3]. Spray droplets that are more likely to drift away are those with a diameter of less than 100 µm [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Spray Drift with a Specifically Designed Lidar System

Gregorio

Torrent

Martí

et al. 2016

Sensors

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Field measurements of spray drift are usually carried out by passive collectors and tracers. However, these methods are labour- and time-intensive and only provide point- and time-integrated measurements. Unlike these methods, the light detection and ranging (lidar) technique allows real-time measurements, obtaining information with temporal and spatial resolution. Recently, the authors have developed the first eye-safe lidar system specifically designed for spray drift monitoring. This prototype is based on a 1534 nm erbium-doped glass laser and an 80 mm diameter telescope, has scanning capability, and is easily transportable. This paper presents the results of the first experimental campaign carried out with this instrument. High coefficients of determination (R2 > 0.85) were observed by comparing lidar measurements of the spray drift with those obtained by horizontal collectors. Furthermore, the lidar system allowed an assessment of the drift reduction potential (DRP) when comparing low-drift nozzles with standard ones, resulting in a DRP of 57% (preliminary result) for the tested nozzles. The lidar system was also used for monitoring the evolution of the spray flux over the canopy and to generate 2-D images of these plumes. The developed instrument is an advantageous alternative to passive collectors and opens the possibility of new methods for field measurement of spray drift.

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Tree Belts for Decreasing Aeolian Dust-Carried Pesticides from Cultivated Areas

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the function of tree belts in reducing the aeolian transport of dust particles carrying pesticides. The study examined the importance of the buffer zones created by commonly planted trees (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus halepensis (pine) and Ceratonia siliqua (carob)). The methods include analyzing the quantity and the chemical composition of pesticides carried by aeolian dust particles from the intensively cultivated fields and orchards, where pesticides were applied, towards the tree belts nearby. Eighteen different chemicals used as insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, were found both in the agricultural fields and in the adjacent tree belts, suggesting an important function of the trees. This ecological service has rarely been taken into consideration by management policies of tree plantings in farmland areas. To integrate this service into agriculture, especially in the case of agricultural fields and orchards, which are adjacent to populated areas, planting tree belts should be positively considered as a means for reducing aeolian dust and air pollution, mainly in order to reduce leakage of pesticides, which are a cause for significant health concerns.

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Efficiency of the inertial wind capture of pesticide aerosols by vegetation species

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Improved Formulations for Air-Surface Exchanges Related to National Security Needs: Dry Deposition Models

Improved Formulations for Air-Surface Exchanges Related to National Security Needs: Dry Deposition Models

Measurement of Spray Drift with a Specifically Designed Lidar System

Tree Belts for Decreasing Aeolian Dust-Carried Pesticides from Cultivated Areas

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