Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilization of Winter Wheat Depending on Sulfur Fertilization

Abstract

Optimization of fertilization enables to obtain a yield of high quality and quantity, brings economic profits, and reduces environmental threats. The aim of the three-year field experiment was to determine the efficiency of fertilization with a new fertilizer available on the Polish market and containing nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) in proportions designed for cereals cultivation (30% N and 6% S as ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate). Other treatments included no fertilization; fertilization with ammonium nitrate (34% N); fertilization with standard nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer with N supplementation with ammonium nitrate. Nitrogen doses were 150, 200, and 250 kg N ha−1. Sulfur was applied in doses of 30, 40, and 50 kg S ha−1. A beneficial effect of using fertilizer containing N and S in proportions designed for cereals cultivation was observed. The highest mean optimal nitrogen dose and maximum winter wheat yield were recorded for the new fertilizer (217 kg N ha−1 and 8251 kg ha−1, respectively). Sulfur supplementation with the new fertilizer significantly increased apparent nitrogen recovery (mean values 48.9%, 44.6%, and 40.6% for doses 150, 200, and 250 kg N ha−1, respectively), agronomic efficiency (11.1 and 8.6 kg kg−1 N for doses 200 and 250 kg N ha−1, respectively), and physiological efficiency (24.7 kg kg−1 N for dose 200 kg N ha−1).

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Chlorophyll Content for Precision Nitrogen Management in Durum Wheat Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions

“…Moreover, N fertilization levels influenced tillering and grain filling capacity of wheat genotypes under semi-arid climate [29]. The doses of the N fertilizer significantly increased the N use efficiency, agronomic and physiological efficiency in wheat [44] showing overall the impacts on growth, yield and yield attributed characteristics.…”

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition to Soil Improves Seed Yield, Foliar Stomatal Conductance, and the Photosynthetic Response of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

“…Moreover, response to fertilizer application can depend on soil type, nutrients present, and weather conditions [12]. Tabak and colleagues, investigating the effects of nitrogen on the agronomic and physiological characteristics of wheat, reported on the agronomic efficiency for doses of 200 and 250 kg N ha −1 and on the physiological efficiency for a dose of 200 kg N ha −1 [13].…”

Oxidative Status and Antioxidative Response to Fusarium Attack and Different Nitrogen Levels in Winter Wheat Varieties

“…reactive substances; PHE, phenolics; CAT, catalase; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase. 2 A log transformation of the visual scores was used to normalize the data. Three-way ANOVA revealed a significant variety, nitrogen and Fusarium treatment effects for tested biochemical parameters ( Table 1).…”

“…In field conditions, wheat is confronted with both abiotic and biotic stresses that have a great impact on its growth and productivity [ 1 ]. Nitrogen (N) is one of the major nutritional elements in wheat production, and it is necessary to achieve high yields and grain quality [ 2 ]. Wheat quickly perceives and responds to nitrogen deficiency via a large number of physiological and metabolic events, such as the changes in fatty acid composition, reduction in chlorophyll content, and occurrence of oxidative stress [ 3 ].…”