Efficiency of intestinal cholesterol absorption in humans is not related to apoE phenotype

Abstract

The present study investigated the role of apolipoprotein E (apoE) phenotype on intestinal cholesterol absorption and cholesterol synthesis. Studies were carried out in eight subjects homozygous for the apoE4 and 12 subjects homozygous for the E2 allele (six normocholesterolemic volunteers and six patients with type III hyperlipoproteinemia). Cholesterol absorption did not differ between the three groups of subjects and averaged 38 ؎ 2% (mean ؎ SEM) in normolipemic E2/2, 37 ؎ 4% in type III hyperlipemic E2/2, and 41 ؎ 3% in E4/4 subjects, respectively. Dietary intake of fat and cholesterol had no influence on cholesterol absorption efficiency. A positive correlation between efficiency of cholesterol absorption and the ratio of campesterol to cholesterol in plasma, an indirect marker for cholesterol absorption, was observed after combining the results of the three groups ( r ‫؍‬ 0.504; P Ͻ 0.02). Bile acid and total cholesterol synthesis were also not affected by the different apoE alleles, but the well-known relationship between body weight and cholesterol synthesis was noticed ( r ‫؍‬ 0.574; P Ͻ 0.01). Thus, the present study provides evidence that the efficiency of intestinal absorption and synthesis of cholesterol in humans are not related to the apoE phenotype. -von Bergmann, K., D. Lütjohann, B. Lindenthal, and A. Steinmetz. Efficiency of intestinal cholesterol absorption in humans is not related to apoE phenotype. J. Lipid Res. 2003. 44: 193-197.

Hypoglycemic and insulin-sensitizing effects of berberine in high-fat diet- and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…In addition, none of the previous studies controlled for known variations in cholesterol absorption associated with apo E or apo A-IV genotypes and all had less stringent dietary control than in this investigation. 16,44,45 Although a recent study showed no difference between different apo E alleles on cholesterol absorption and metabolism, 46 this observation awaits further confirmation because previous studies demonstrated apo E genotype-related differences in cholesterol absorption. 44,45,47,48 In summary, in a healthy population with apo A-IV 1/1 and apo E 3/3 genotypes, supplementation with CDCA or DCA enriched bile with the corresponding bile acid.…”

The associations of cholesterol metabolism and plasma plant sterols with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality

“…However, the use of plant sterols cannot be defi nitely recommended before prospective clinical trials with hard cardiovascular end points have shown their effectiveness to reduce cardiovascular risk ( 51 ). Previous studies addressing the effects of the APOE genotype on the noncholesterol sterol to cholesterol ratios have been confl icting ( 52,53 ). In our cohort, the combined APOE 3/4 and 4/4 genotypes were associated with a high lathosterol to cholesterol ratio, whereas the cholestanol, campesterol, and sitosterol to cholesterol ratios were not related to the APOE genotype.…”

The relationships of cholesterol metabolism and plasma plant sterols with the severity of coronary artery disease

“…Data on the relationships of the APOE genotype with cholesterol absorption and synthesis are controversial (35,36). Additional adjustment for APOE variants did not affect the associations of cholesterol homeostasis with the severity of CAD.…”