Efficiency of Chemical Pesticides to Control Spodoptera frugiperda and Validation of Pheromone Trap as a Pest Management Tool in Maize Crop

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

Spodoptera frugiperda is a major pest causing maize yield loss in Brazil. There is therefore a need for control methods, notably for organic farming because classical pesticides are not allowed. A potential solution for organic maize is to apply the biological control agent Trichogramma pretiosum to reduce S. frugiperda populations. Here, we tested the application of one, two, or three releases of T. pretiosum. We measured plant damage ratings, egg masses parasitized, and grain yield. Results show that 79.2 % of egg masses were parasited. Maize yields for parasited plots increased of 701 kg/ha versus control plots. This result equals a 19.4 % gain of productivity and US$96.5 gain per hectare. Therefore, biological control with egg parasitoids is a promising alternative to control S. frugiperda in organic maize.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological control with Trichogramma pretiosum increases organic maize productivity by 19.4%

Figueiredo

Cruz

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

“…The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the most important pest of corn in Brazil, and it is responsible for losses of about US$ 400 million per year in this country (Rosa & Barcelos, 2012). S. frugiperda is a highly polyphagous pest that feeds in more than 80 plant species, among them important crops such as soybean, sorghum, millet, bean, cotton and Solanaceae (Cruz et al, 2010). (Herniou et al, 2012).…”

Section: A Infectividade De Sfmnpv Sobre a Lagarta-do-cartuchomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Infectivity of SFMNPV on Fall Armyworm Is Influenced by the Host Plant

Costa

Cury

et al. 2018

RBMS

- This work evaluated the infectivity and production of occlusion bodies (OBs) of the SfMNPV-6NR on fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, when fed on different host plants. The experiment was performed in laboratory, in a completely randomized design using two concentrations of SfMNPV-6NR (2×106 and 2×107 OBs/mL) and six different host plants (soybean, corn, cotton, bean, sorghum and millet). The larval mortality, larval weight (LW), pupal weight (PW) of S. frugiperda and the production of OBs by virus were evaluated. S. frugiperda larvae were less susceptible to baculovirus when fed on cotton leaves (38 ± 4.17 and 70 ± 6.44% mortality) in the two concentrations tested (2×106 and 2×107 OBs/mL, respectively). The LW was affected by the virus concentration depending on the plant species consumed and the virus concentrations. The PW was affected by the plant species used to feed larvae. There was no effect of the host plant on the OBs virus production. The results demonstrate adverse effects of the host plant on the infectivity of the SfMNPV-6NR in S. frugiperda, especially a deleterious effect of the cotton plant in the virus infection capacity.Keywords: Fall armyworm, entomopathogenic virus, tritrophic interaction, plant host, cotton. A INFECTIVIDADE DE SfMNPV SOBRE A LAGARTA-DO-CARTUCHO É INFLUENCIADA PELA PLANTA HOSPEDEIRA RESUMO – Este trabalho avaliou a capacidade de infecção e produção de corpos de oclusão (CO) de SfMNPV- 6NR sobre a lagarta-do-cartucho, Spodoptera frugiperda, quando alimentada em diferentes plantas hospedeiras. O experimento foi realizado em laboratório, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, utilizando duas concentrações de SfMNPV-6NR (2×106 e 2×107 CO/mL) e seis diferentes plantas hospedeiras (soja, milho, algodão, feijão, sorgo e milheto). Foram avaliados a mortalidade larval, o peso de larvas mortas (PL), o peso de pupa (PP) e a produção de CO do vírus. As larvas de S. frugiperda foram menos suscetíveis ao baculovírus quando alimentadas com folhas de algodão, apresentando as menores taxas de mortalidade (38 ± 4,17 e 70 ± 6,44%) com as duas concentrações testadas (2×106 e 2×107 CO/mL, respectivamente). O PL foi afetado pela concentração de vírus, dependendo da espécie de planta consumida e concentração de vírus testada. O PP foi afetado pela espécie de planta com a qual as larvas foram alimentadas. Não houve efeito da planta hospedeira na produção de CO do vírus. Nossos resultados demonstram um efeito adverso da planta hospedeira sobre a infectividade do vírus em S. frugiperda, especialmente um efeito deletério da planta de algodão na capacidade de infecção do vírus.Palavras-chave: lagarta-do-cartucho-do-milho, vírus entomopatogênico, interação tritrófica, planta hospedeira, algodão.

“…Spraying of insecticides is the most common means of controlling S. frugiperda. However, this practice contributes to unbalanced agroecosystems (Bernardi et al 2012) and the selection of insect resistant populations (Cruz et al 2010). The use of alternative pest control methods, such as plant resistance to insects, is an important component in an integrated pest management (IPM) approach (Jesus et al 2010a, b;Janini et al 2011;Silva et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars to Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Paiva

Resende

et al. 2018

Rev. Colomb. Entomol.

Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) damages bean crops, resulting in decreased leaf area and destruction of reproductive structures. This study aimed to evaluate the types and levels of resistance of bean cultivars to S. frugiperda. The bean cultivars evaluated were: BRS Ametista, Pérola, BRS Notável, BRS Realce, Jalo Precoce, BRS Campeiro, BRS Agreste, BRS Cometa, BRS Executivo and BRS Pitanga, in the Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of the Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí Campus, Brazil. Tests to identify levels of antixenosis, in free-choice and no-choice tests, and antibiosis were performed in the laboratory (25 ± 2 °C, 70 ± 10 % R. H. and photophase of 14 h). The cultivars BRS Pitanga, BRS Executivo, BRS Notável and BRS Campeiro presented antixenosis and BRS Realce antibiosis to S. frugiperda. However, it is not known whether the levels of resistance exhibited in the laboratory are sufficiently high to be of any economic value to agriculture. Therefore, the next step is to evaluate, under field conditions, the cultivars showing the most resistance in laboratory tests. If field evaluations indicate sufficient levels of resistance to be of practical value, these cultivars may be used as donor sources in the breeding program or may be used directly by farmers.