Efficiency of Borage Seeds Oil Against Gamma Irradiation-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Rats: Possible Antioxidant Activity

Abstract

Background: Borage (Borago officinal L.) is an annual herbaceous plant of great interest because its oil contains a high percentage of -linolenic acid (GLA). The present work was carried out to detect fatty acids composition of the oil extracted from borage seeds (BO) and its potential effectiveness against γ-irradiation-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats. Materials and Methods: GC-MS analysis of fatty acids methyl esters of BO was performed to identify fatty acids composition. Sixty rats were divided into five groups (12 rats each): Control, irradiated; rats were exposed to (6.5 Gy) of whole body γ-radiation, BO (50 mg/kg b.wt), irradiated BO post-treated and irradiated BO prepost-treated. Six rats from each group were sacrificed at two time intervals 7 and 15 days post-irradiation. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels, lipids profile, as well as serum and hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxide (malondialdehyde) (MDA) levels were assessed. Histopathological examination of liver sections were also carried out. Results:The results showed that the high contents of BO extracted by cold pressing, were linoleic acid (34.23%) and GLA (24.79%). Also, oral administration of BO significantly improved serum levels of liver enzymes, lipids profile, as well as serum and hepatic GSH and MDA levels (p<0.001) as compared with irradiated rats after 15 days post irradiation. Moreover, it exerted marked amelioration against irradiation-induced histopathological changes in liver tissues. The improvement was more pronounced in irradiated BO prepost-treated group than irradiated BO post-treated. Conclusion: BO has a beneficial role in reducing hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by radiation exposure. Therefore, BO may be used as a beneficial supplement for patients during radiotherapy treatment.

The effect of curcumin on lipid peroxidation and selected antioxidants in irradiated rats

“…In various studies, it was reported that irradiation caused a decrease at SOD, GSH, GSH-Px levels in the liver (Tawfik et al 2013;El-Gazzar et al 2016;Ashry et al 2017;Khattab et al 2017;Radwan and Mohamed 2018). The reduction in antioxidant enzymes is due to the depletion of enzymes during oxidative stress that occurred as a result of irradiation (Khattab et al 2017). In contrast to studies indicating a decrease in GSH in the kidneys (Ekici et al 2016;Ashry et al 2017), a significant increase in GSH levels in the kidneys and ovaries as a result of γ-radiation was observed in this study.…”

“…Increased MDA levels indicate the activation of lipid peroxidation as a result of the reaction of ROS with unsaturated free fatty acids of membrane lipids. It is known that exposure to irradiation induces liver damage (El-Gazzar et al 2016;Khattab et al 2017;Ashry et al 2017;Radwan and Mohamed 2018;). It is also reported that γ-radiation causes multiple organ dysfunction especially in the liver and an increase of MDA levels in various tissues depending on the time and dose (Simsek et al 2012;Tawfik et al 2013;Xie et al 2014;El-Gazzar et al 2016).…”

“…The decrease in the GSH-Px activity in most of the tissues studied as a result of irradiation suggests that the first affected enzyme in the irradiation is GSH-Px. In various studies, it was reported that irradiation caused a decrease at SOD, GSH, GSH-Px levels in the liver (Tawfik et al 2013;El-Gazzar et al 2016;Ashry et al 2017;Khattab et al 2017;Radwan and Mohamed 2018). The reduction in antioxidant enzymes is due to the depletion of enzymes during oxidative stress that occurred as a result of irradiation (Khattab et al 2017).…”

The Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Irradiated Rats

“…Furthermore, MDA determinations ensure a good measure for peroxidation, one of the main mechanisms of cell damage causing necrosis or apoptosis (Comporti, 1985;De Ferreyra et al, 1989). It is a known fact that irradiation exposure leads to the liver damage (Khattab et al, 2017;Kilciksiz et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2007;Mansour et al, 2008). It is also stated that γradiation results in multiple organ dysfunction particularly in the liver and elevates MDA levels in various tissues based on the time and dose (Karami et al, 2018;Kilciksiz et al, 2008;Mansour et al, 2008;Simsek et al, 2012;Xie et al, 2014;).…”

“…The decreased GSH-Px activity in the tissues examined after the irradiation indicated that the first enzyme affected by the irradiation was GSH-Px. Various studies revealed that irradiation decreased SOD, GSH, and GSH-Px levels in the liver (Ashry et al, 2017;Khattab et al, 2017;Kilciksiz et al, 2008;Mansour et al, 2008;Radwan and Mohamed, 2018). The antioxidant enzymes reduced because of the depletion of enzymes during oxidative stress caused by the irradiation (Khattab et al, 2017;Mansour et al, 2008).…”