Efficiency enhancement of Cs0.1(CH3NH3)0.9PbI3 perovskite solar cell by surface passivation using iso-butyl ammonium iodide

Effects of the Incorporation Amounts of C@NiO in Hole Transport Layer on the Performance of n–i–p Perovskite Solar Cells

“…However, when the content of C@NiO in Spiro-OMeTAD further increased to 0.05 mg mL –1 , the light absorption of the film decreased instead. This may be due to the fact that the high doping concentration of C@NiO increased the holes on the surface of the Spiro-OMeTAD+C@NiO film; thus, external H 2 O can cause partial degradation of the perovskite film, resulting in some light penetrating the perovskite film, leading to a decrease of light absorption. , The inset in Figure d shows the corresponding optical band gap ( E g ), which are 1.628 eV ( x = 0 mg mL –1 ), 1.618 eV ( x = 0.015 mg mL –1 ), and 1.624 eV ( x = 0.05 mg mL –1 ). In addition, UPS spectra are used to reveal the electronic structure (Figure e).…”