Efficiency comparison of PGBR extract and γ‐oryzanol in antioxidative stress and anti‐inflammatory properties against metabolic syndrome

Abstract

This research aims to delineate the anti‐inflammatory effect of pregerminated brown rice extract (PE) and γ‐oryzanol on improving metabolic features of high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into eight groups: regular diet (RD), HFD, HFD‐combined treatment of 0.5, 5, or 10 mg kg−1 day−1 oral gavage γ‐oryzanol, and 30, 300, or 600 mg kg−1 day−1 PE for 18 weeks. HFD‐fed mice showed overweight, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia signs of metabolic disorder, and elevation of inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐6, TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, NO, PGE2 in serum and MAPKs, transcription factor p65, iNOS, and MDA in the liver. In contrast, HFD‐fed mice showed lower levels of adiponectin in serum and antiperoxidation enzymes GPx, SOD, and catalase in the liver. While HFD‐fed mice cotreated with PE or γ‐oryzanol, HFD‐induced metabolic disorders, ROS, and inflammation were improved. The anti‐MetS, antioxidative stress and anti‐inflammation properties of PE were more potent than γ‐oryzanol. Practical applications Our study showed that PE or γ‐oryzanol supplement could help control metabolic disorders, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and related complications.

Identifying the Therapeutic Significance of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…It is well known that high-fat diets can induce obesity which represents the risk factors for the development of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) [148,149]. Obesity-related diseases such as T2DM induce diabetic wounds and are also associated with rapid cartilage loss and osteoarthritis [150][151][152].…”

Content Analysis of Chenopodium formosanum (Djulis) Collected From Two Production Areas and Evaluation of Their Ability to Improve Insulin Resistance

“…HepG2 cells, obtained from the National Development Center of Biotechnology (Taipei, Taiwan), were maintained as a monolayer culture in complete medium at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO 2 incubator with medium changed every 2 days. Initially, HepG2 cells were seeded in 6-well plates at a density of 1 × 10 5 cells/well, and treated 100 ng/mL TNF-α for 5 h. Afterward, changing medium containing 10 μM insulin only, 10 μM insulin and 45 ng/mL TNF-α, or 10 μM insulin, 45 ng/mL TNF-α and TDE or KDE (20,25,50, or 100 μg/ mL) stimulated the cells for 16 h. We referred to and modified the method of Kim et al 15 and Lin et al 4 in the cell experiment.…”

“…The relative expression of those proteins in each tissue was quantified by densitometric scanning of the western blots using Image-pro plus software (Media Cybernetics, MD) as previously described. 4…”

“…3 In fact, PGBR has been found to have antioxidants that give it the additional ability to ameliorate metabolic syndrome. 4 There may be other staples that have the same benefits. For example, there is an abundance of a grain staple called Chenopodium formosanum (also known as Djulis) growing in Taiwan's aboriginal areas.…”

Biological Functions and Activities of Rice Bran as a Functional Ingredient: A Review

“… 124 It was suggested that the mechanisms were mediated by γ-oryzanol through its inhibition of inflammatory markers, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which is involved in the progression of kidney dysfunction. 124 , 125 …”