Efficiency characterisation of multi-port antennas

Abstract

A simple radiation efficiency metric is introduced to include the effects of non-ideal source/receiver impedances. The features of this parameter are highlighted and its compact formula is derived. The notion of mean matching efficiency is established. Simulations prove that this matching efficiency is quite useful in a quick estimation of diversity performance of multi-port antennas in rich isotropic multipath environments.

Design and Measurement-Based Evaluation of Multi-Antenna Mobile Terminals for Lte 3500 MHZ Band

“…This metric takes into account both 'multiport matching efficiency' and the embedded radiation efficiency associated with each port [42].…”

“…To further simplify the evaluation, we use a single efficiency metric called mean matching efficiency, e mm [42]. This efficiency is obtained by taking the geometric mean of all total embedded element efficiencies, across the 3400-3600 MHz band:…”

Multi-port matching efficiency in antenna systems with cascaded networks

“…The further necessary parameters to be used in our derivation are shown in the figure. As defined in [5], the multi-port matching efficiency for an arbitrary excitation scheme is the ratio between the accepted power acc and the maximum available power from the source(s), avs . It is known that the accepted power by any passive microwave system can be achieved through the incident and reflected waves at its ports, which are linked by the associated reflection matrix, Γ. Deriving the reflection matrices at different points in the system is fairly straightforward.…”

“…Among different radiation efficiency metrics for performance description of multi-port antennas, total active reflection coefficient (TARC) [1] , mean effective gain (MEG) [2], total embedded element efficiency [3], decoupling efficiency [4], and multi-port matching efficiency are commonplace [5]. Each metric has its own advantages and disadvantages.…”

“…Moreover, similar to TARC, it includes the excitation scheme as a degree of freedom in the radiation efficiency metric. To calculate multi-port matching efficiency, a compact formula has been introduced for an antenna system terminated by an arbitrary set of impedances [5]. Yet, in recent multi-port wireless systems, it is rare to find antennas connected directly to the receiver ports.…”