Efficacy of sarolaner (Simparic™) against induced infestations of Amblyomma cajennense on dogs

Scott, Fábio Barbour; Franz, Lilian; Campos, Diefrey Ribeiro; Azevedo, Thais Ribeiro Correia; Cunha, Daise; Six, Robert H.; Maeder, Steven; Cree, Travis

doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2324-0

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…This study evaluated efficacy against the nymphal stage of H. longicornis as this stage is commonly found infesting dogs. Similar high level of efficacy could be expected against adult H. longicornis as sarolaner has demonstrated month long efficacy against the adults of many tick species globally [19–22]. Another oral isoxazoline, afoxolaner, has been evaluated against adult H. longicornis and produced efficacy > 91.9% (based on live tick counts) up to 30 days after a single treatment [24] and recently a third isoxazoline, lotilaner, provided efficacy of > 95% against adults for up to 35 days after a single oral dose [25], while a fourth, fluralaner resulted in efficacy of 93.6% or more for 114 days after the recommended dosage [26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Sarolaner is a novel isoxazoline acaricide/insecticide with persistent efficacy following oral administration in dogs [17]. Sarolaner, in a chewable tablet formulation (Simparica ® , Zoetis) provides control of a fleas and ticks for at least a month after a single oral dose [18] and has been shown to be effective against many tick species globally [19–22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of sarolaner (Simparica®) against induced infestations of Haemaphysalis longicornis on dogs

Oda¹,

Yonetake

Fujii

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundHaemaphysalis longicornis is the major tick affecting dogs in most of the East Asia/Pacific region and has recently been detected in a number of areas of the USA. This tick is a vector for a number of pathogens of dogs, other mammals and humans. In this study, the efficacy of a single oral administration of sarolaner (Simparica®, Zoetis) at the minimum label dosage (2 mg/kg) was evaluated against an existing infestation of H. longicornis and subsequent weekly reinfestations for 5 weeks after treatment.MethodsSixteen dogs were ranked on pretreatment tick counts and randomly allocated to treatment on Day 0 with sarolaner at 2 mg/kg or a placebo. The dogs were infested with H. longicornis nymphs on Days − 2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33. Efficacy was determined at 48 hours after treatment and subsequent re-infestations based on live tick counts relative to placebo-treated dogs.ResultsThere were no adverse reactions to treatment. A single dose of sarolaner provided 100% efficacy on Days 2, 7, 14 and 21; and ≥ 97.4% efficacy on Days 28 and 35. Considering only attached, live ticks, efficacy was 100% for the entire 35 days of the study. Geometric mean live tick counts for sarolaner were significantly lower than those for placebo on all days (11.62 ≤ t(df) ≤ 59.99, where 13.0 ≤ df ≤ 14.1, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn this study, a single oral administration of sarolaner at 2 mg/kg provided 100% efficacy against an existing infestation of H. longicornis nymphs and ≥ 97.4% efficacy (100% against attached ticks) against weekly reinfestation for at least 35 days after treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of sarolaner (Simparica®) against induced infestations of Haemaphysalis longicornis on dogs

Oda¹,

Yonetake

Fujii

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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“…Some tick-borne pathogens such as Rickettsia parkeri are capable of infecting the ovary of the vector arthropod [56], thereby spreading to the offspring which, in the case of the tick A . sculptum , comprise between 5000 and 8000 eggs per female [57].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ticks as potential vectors of Mycobacterium leprae: Use of tick cell lines to culture the bacilli and generate transgenic strains

Ferreira¹,

Oliveira²,

Santos³

et al. 2018

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and frequently resulting in irreversible deformities and disabilities. Ticks play an important role in infectious disease transmission due to their low host specificity, worldwide distribution, and the biological ability to support transovarial transmission of a wide spectrum of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and protozoa. To investigate a possible role for ticks as vectors of leprosy, we assessed transovarial transmission of M. leprae in artificially-fed adult female Amblyomma sculptum ticks, and infection and growth of M. leprae in tick cell lines. Our results revealed M. leprae RNA and antigens persisting in the midgut and present in the ovaries of adult female A. sculptum at least 2 days after oral infection, and present in their progeny (eggs and larvae), which demonstrates the occurrence of transovarial transmission of this pathogen. Infected tick larvae were able to inoculate viable bacilli during blood-feeding on a rabbit. Moreover, following inoculation with M. leprae, the Ixodes scapularis embryo-derived tick cell line IDE8 supported a detectable increase in the number of bacilli for at least 20 days, presenting a doubling time of approximately 12 days. As far as we know, this is the first in vitro cellular system able to promote growth of M. leprae. Finally, we successfully transformed a clinical M. leprae isolate by inserting the reporter plasmid pCHERRY3; transformed bacteria infected and grew in IDE8 cells over a 2-month period. Taken together, our data not only support the hypothesis that ticks may have the potential to act as a reservoir and/or vector of leprosy, but also suggest the feasibility of technological development of tick cell lines as a tool for large-scale production of M. leprae bacteria, as well as describing for the first time a method for their transformation.

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“…The first such report described a study that used a similar protocol to that of our study to investigate the efficacy of sarolaner [ 21 ]. That study produced 100% efficacy for sarolaner by 48 h following Day 12 infestation and ≥ 99.6% by 48 h following Day 33 infestation, similar to those that we report for lotilaner [ 21 ]. While the results of the two studies suggest that efficacy against A. cajennense ( s.l .)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation of the efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against Amblyomma cajennense (sensu lato) infestations of dogs

Lasmar

Murphy²,

Nanchen³

et al. 2018

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundThe ixodid tick Amblyomma cajennense (sensu lato) complex, widespread throughout South and Central America, is also present in Mexico, Texas and Florida. As a vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, and potentially of other pathogens, infestations with A. cajennense present a substantial health risk to humans, dogs and other mammals. Oral administration of lotilaner flavored chewable tablets (CredelioTM, Elanco) to dogs was previously shown to rapidly provide killing activity of infesting ticks. This study investigated lotilaner’s efficacy against A. cajennense (s.l.).MethodsTwenty purpose-bred Beagles (10 male and 10 female) were ranked by Day -5 burdens of nymphal A. cajennense (s.l.) and randomized to either treatment with lotilaner or to a sham-treated control group. On Day 0, dogs were fed within approximately 30 min prior to oral lotilaner administration at as close as possible to 20 mg/kg, the minimum dose rate. For efficacy assessments, tick counts were completed 48 h post-treatment or 48 h after experimental challenge infestations with 200 nymphal A. cajennense (s.l.) on Days -7, -2, 7, 14, 21 and 28.ResultsTick infestations in the control group dogs ranged from a low of 43 to 95, with the average infestation remaining above 25% at each assessment, thereby meeting the requirement for efficacy comparison with the treated group. Lotilaner efficacy was 100% within 48 h post-treatment, and at nine days post-treatment. Efficacy was greater than 99% at all subsequent assessments through Day 30. No treatment-related adverse events were observed.ConclusionThe results demonstrate that lotilaner, administered orally to dogs at a minimum dose of 20 mg/kg is well tolerated, provides rapid reduction of existing A. cajennense (s.l.) tick infestations, and provides sustained residual protection for at least 30 days against subsequent infestation by A. cajennense (s.l.).

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Efficacy of sarolaner (Simparic™) against induced infestations of Amblyomma cajennense on dogs

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Efficacy of sarolaner (Simparica®) against induced infestations of Haemaphysalis longicornis on dogs

Efficacy of sarolaner (Simparica®) against induced infestations of Haemaphysalis longicornis on dogs

Ticks as potential vectors of Mycobacterium leprae: Use of tick cell lines to culture the bacilli and generate transgenic strains

Laboratory evaluation of the efficacy of lotilaner (Credelio™) against Amblyomma cajennense (sensu lato) infestations of dogs

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