Efficacy of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics on Laying Hens and Broilers Challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of dietary prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic products for controlling infection in laying hens and broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE). These products could replace the use of antibiotics, which would avoid the problem of hastening antimicrobial resistance for both types of birds. Salmonella-free 1-day-old (1-d-old) layers chicks and broilers chicks were inoculated with SE resistant to nalidixic acid and spectinomycin (SE Nal r Spec r ) and divided into four groups: 1) control (without feed additives); 2) probiotic (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium longum); 3) prebiotic (inulin, fructooligosaccharide, mannanoligosaccharide, and oligosaccharide); and 4) synbiotic (85% of the probiotic＋15% of the prebiotic additives). The presence of SE Nal r Spec r in cloacal swabs was analyzed at 7, 14, and 21 days post-infection (dpi) in laying hens and broilers. The number of SE Nal r Spec r per gram of cecal contents was determined at 7, 14, and 21 dpi in laying hens and at 2, 5, 7, 14, and 21 dpi in broilers. The results showed that the prebiotic additive reduced the occurrence of SE in cloacal swabs from laying hens but not from broilers. In the groups of laying hens and broilers that received prebiotics, the isolation and counts of SE Nal r Spec r were lower during the first week post-infection but not throughout the experiment. The probiotic and synbiotic additives did not influence the SE infection in laying hens and broilers; in contrast prebiotics had a protective effect during the first week post-infection.

Dietary synbiotic incorporation as an alternative to antibiotic improves growth performance, intestinal morphology, immunity and antioxidant capacity of broilers

“…who reported that dietary 2 g kg –1 synbiotics, irrespective of resources, did not alter fecal E. coli counts in piglets. Similarly, Sayuri Murate et al . have also shown that the supplementation of 1.0 g kg –1 synbiotic did not affect the viable number of Salmonella enteritidis in the cecal content of broilers challenged with S. enteritidis .…”

Probiotics and potential applications for alternative poultry production systems

“…Historically, probiotic utilization in the poultry industry has been viewed as an alternative to antibiotics that promoted a “healthy” intestinal microbiota ( Mátéová et al., 2008 ; Katoch et al., 2013 ; Vandana et al., 2013 ), improved growth rates, limited animal diseases ( Gorbach, 2000 ; Nava et al., 2005 ; Ghareeb et al., 2008 ; Callaway et al., 2012 ), and inhibited foodborne pathogen growth ( Patterson and Burkholder, 2003 ; Lutful Kabir, 2009 ; Murate et al., 2015 ; Olnood et al., 2015 ; Penha Filho et al., 2015 ; Upadhaya et al., 2016 ). There are currently a vast number of probiotic products in the marketplace being promoted to improve poultry production efficiency, health, and safety.…”

Alternatives to antibiotics for organic poultry production: types, modes of action and impacts on bird's health and production

“…Although the exact physiological mechanisms of feed additives are unclear, the health effects are focused on the gut ( Dibner and Richards, 2005 ; Krysiak et al, 2021 ). Probiotics are valuable gut microbe species that can colonize the gut, and prebiotics is indigestible oligosaccharides that can be utilized by the useful gut microbes ( Wenk, 2000 ; Kulshreshtha et al, 2014 ; Murate et al, 2015 ). Endogenous enzymes such as carbohydrases and proteases are used to increase the digestibility of feed in the gut ( Wenk, 2000 ; Sharma et al, 2005 ).…”