Efficacy of praziquantel and a combination anthelmintic (Adecto®) in bath treatments against Tagia ecuadori and Neobenedenia melleni (Monogenea), parasites of bullseye puffer fish

Albendazole, levamisole and ivermectin are effective against monogeneans of Colossoma macropomum (Pisces: Serrasalmidae)

“…Moreover, has been reported in vitro efficacy of DMSO against the monogeneans Cichlidogyrus tilapiae , Cichlidogyrus thurstonae , Cichlidogyrus halli and Scutogyrus longicornis of Oreochromis niloticus (Hashimoto et al, ). Morales‐Serna et al () also suggest effects of alcohol used as solvent for praziquantel (2.5–20.0 mg/L) against monogeneans Neobenedenia melleni . In vitro efficacy of 0.005 mg/L of mebendazole and 2.5 mg/L of praziquantel against Dactylogyrus vastator of Carassius auratus has also been reported (Zhang et al, ).…”

“…Managing and controlling monogenean infestations are a constant challenge in fish farming, given the limited availability of effective anthelmintic drugs (Morales‐Serna et al, ). We attribute the in vitro efficacy of mebendazole (125–200 mg/L) and praziquantel (5–20 mg/L) against monogeneans of C. macropomum to the solvent DMSO, given the low water solubility, and hence, low availability of both drugs (Liu et al, ; Swanepoel, Liebenberg, Devarakonda, & Villiers, ).…”

“…Hirazawa et al () observed 80%–100% in vitro efficacy of 0.5 mg/L of praziquantel against Benedenia seriolae and N. melleni of Seriola quinqueradiata and Seriola dumerili . Given the in vitro efficacy of 2.5–20.0 mg/L praziquantel against Tagia ecuadori and N. melleni , thus was suggested that a low concentration of this drug can be used in long‐term therapeutic baths (Morales‐Serna et al, ). Although praziquantel paralyses monogeneans, it does not always kill them (Hirazawa et al, ; Morales‐Serna et al, ).…”

“…However, all types of fish production are threatened by diseases caused by parasites such as monogeneans, resulting in significant economic losses (Tavares‐Dias & Martins, ). Monogeneans are parasites with a direct and short life cycle, whose vertical transmission facilitates infection levels in intensive fish farming (Morales‐Serna et al, ). Therefore, increasing interest has focused not only on understanding these diseases in fish but also on treating them correctly, using commercially available, low‐cost and effective anthelmintic drugs.…”

“…In intensive fish farming, managing and controlling helminth infections pose a constant challenge, since these tasks are greatly complicated by the limited availability of licensed anthelmintic drugs (Morales‐Serna et al, ; Zuskova et al, ) with varying degrees of effectiveness. Anthelmintic drugs such as albendazole, mebendazole, ivermectin, levamisole and praziquantel have been employed for the control and treatment against monogenean parasites that infest farmed fish (Hirazawa, Akiyama, & Umeda, ; Hirazawa, Ohtaka, & Hata, ; Kim & Choi, ; Martins, Onaka, Moraes, & Fujimoto, ; Morales‐Serna et al, ; Onaka, Martins, & Moraes, ; Santamarina, Tojo, Ubeira, Quinteiro, & Sanmartin, ; Sitjà‐Bobadilla, Felipe, & Alvarez‐Pellitero, ; Zhang et al, ). Parasite infections can be controlled and treated by eliminating developmental stages in hosts, thus interrupting the life cycle of parasites (Bader, Chelladurai, Starling, Jones, & Brewer, ).…”