Efficacy of Photon-induced Photoacoustic Streaming in the Reduction of Enterococcus faecalis within the Root Canal: Different Settings and Different Sodium Hypochlorite Concentrations

Golob, Barbara Skrlj; Olivi, Giovanni; Vrabec, Mirijam; Feghali, Rita; Parker, Steven; Benedicenti, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2017.05.019

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The primary thermal effect of laser energy absorbed in irrigation solution leads to superheating of the irrigant up to the boiling point and formation of vapor bubbles. 35 This phenomenon explains the temperature changes in this study. ClO 2 is a highly unstable molecule.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…12 Golob et al have reported that PIPS activation of 5% NaOCl is an effective method for elimination of Enterococcus faecalis. 35 In the PIPS technique, the use of subablative energy (20 mJ) produces a high peak power of 400 W, causing an explosion-implosion phenomenon within the irrigation solution. The primary thermal effect of laser energy absorbed in irrigation solution leads to superheating of the irrigant up to the boiling point and formation of vapor bubbles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Analysis of Mixtures of Chlorhexidine with Different Oxidizing Agents Activated by Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming for Root Canal Irrigation

Özkan

Terlemez

Orhan

2020

Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery

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Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the possible interactions between photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPSÔ)-activated oxidizing agents and 2% chlorhexidine digluconate. Background data: There is no information about the safety of laser-activated oxidizing agents in combination usage with chlorhexidine gluconate. Materials and methods: Groups were designed as follows G1: 98% para-chloroaniline (PCA); G2: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); G3: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) +2% CHX; G4: 5.25% NaOCl (30 sec PIPS activated) +2% CHX; G5: 5.25% NaOCl (60 sec PIPS activated) +2% CHX; G6: 3.5% chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ) + 2% CHX; G7: 3.5% (ClO 2 ) (30 sec PIPS activated) +2% CHX; G8: 3.5% (ClO 2 ) (60 sec PIPS activated) +2% CHX. The laser-irrigation protocol was performed with an erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser with a wavelength of 2940 nm equipped with a 140 mm long endodontic fiber tip (PIPS) using 10 mJ at 15 Hz (0.15 W), per pulse operating outputs. Groups were analyzed with proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, using PCA as an internal standard. Results: No free PCA was formed in any groups of mixtures or after PIPS activation. Conclusions: Mixing of 3.5% ClO 2 and 2% CHX does not form bulky precipitates, unlike the mixture NaOCl + CHX. PIPS activation does not cause changes in reactions of oxidizing agents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Analysis of Mixtures of Chlorhexidine with Different Oxidizing Agents Activated by Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming for Root Canal Irrigation

Özkan

Terlemez

Orhan

2020

Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery

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“…16,[35][36][37] Likewise, former studies have also observed a similar supplementary decontaminating effect of laser on canal irrigation with NaOCl. 9,38,39 Moreover, Golob et al 21 successfully tested LAI using a modified PIPS protocol and 5% NaOCl in eradication of E. faecalis biofilms in root canals. However, this study has shown that the mixture of gram-positive bacteria was remarkably sensitive to the PIPS protocol.…”

Section: Endodontic Disinfection With Er:yag Laser Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the additional use of 5% NaOCl to the PIPS protocol was proposed due to its higher eradication of biofilm and smear layer. 21 In this context, this in vitro study aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial activity of Er:YAG LAI on several microorganisms associated with persistent endodontic infection in instrumented root canals of extracted teeth. The specific aim was to test a recently marketed 600 lm tip against a conventional 300 lm tip for differences in colony forming units (CFU) counts using short-and long-term infection models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In VitroEffect of Er:YAG Laser on Different Single and Mixed Microorganisms Being Associated with Endodontic Infections

Henninger

Berto

Eick

et al. 2019

Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery

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Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of activated irrigation with different modes of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser application on microorganisms related to secondary endodontic infection. Background: Er:YAG laser has been recommended as an adjuvant tool for root canal disinfection during endodontic treatment. Materials and methods: Laser-activated irrigation (LAI) with 300 or 600 lm tips were tested with or without intermittent irrigation with 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution against different microorganisms (five single strains and dual species (Streptococcus gordonii combined with Actinomyces oris or Fusobacterium nucleatum) in root canals after 3 days of incubation. In a 21-day infection model, LAI was used together with intermittent rinsing with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against the dual-species mixtures; here the incidence of microbial regrowth after up to 7 days was monitored. Results: In the 3-day root infection model, LAI protocols did not show any significant reduction of the microbial load when compared with manual irrigation with saline solution. In the 21-day infection, S. gordonii combined with A. oris were not detectable anymore after applying the LAI protocol with a 600 lm tip (30 mJ/ 10 pps) up to 7 days after treatment. Conclusions: Application of LAI with a 600 lm tip by using an Er:YAG laser might be advantageous in treatment of endodontic infections.

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“…Gram positive bacteria that includes Enterococcus faecalis are more frequently isolated in cases of refractory endodontic infections as compared to cases of primary endodontic treatment [1,18,19,20,21]. This bacterium if becomes inhabitant to root canal system is very difficult to remove with use of ordinary antimicrobial agents and root canal irrigants [22,23,24]. Hence, in root filled teeth this bacterium can remain viable on behalf of nourishment from tissue fluids [25].…”

Section: Root Canal System In Diseased Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-microbial Photo Dynamic Therapy (aPDT) in Endodontics: A Literature Review

Ahmad¹

2018

IJDSR

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Elimination of root canal pathogens is one of the main objectives for successful outcome of root canal treatment. Conventional chemo-mechanical debridement is not always successful in removing all bacteria. Adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) can be a used as a practical approach for successful elimination of all these bacteria. The aim of this review was to assess scientific literature that used various photosensitizers for bacterial reduction using aPDT methods. A search of the PubMed and Cochrane data bases using appropriate terms and keywords related to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in endodontic disinfection was conducted. A hand search also was conducted in the preceding 5 years of several journals. Full texts of the selected articles were obtained and analyzed. A total of 177 articles published were identified at first stage of data extraction. After final screening, 41 articles were included in this review. This review summarizes the usage principles of aPDT and outlines the applications of aPDT in root canal disinfection procedures. It was concluded that aPDT should be used in conjunction with the conventional chemo mechanical debridement and disinfection of root canal system. It is critical to note that selection of photosensitizer dye, its correct delivery within the prepared root canal system, laser application with correct type of tips are predictors for successful outcome of this protocol of root canal disinfection.

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Efficacy of Photon-induced Photoacoustic Streaming in the Reduction of Enterococcus faecalis within the Root Canal: Different Settings and Different Sodium Hypochlorite Concentrations

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Analysis of Mixtures of Chlorhexidine with Different Oxidizing Agents Activated by Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming for Root Canal Irrigation

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Analysis of Mixtures of Chlorhexidine with Different Oxidizing Agents Activated by Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming for Root Canal Irrigation

In VitroEffect of Er:YAG Laser on Different Single and Mixed Microorganisms Being Associated with Endodontic Infections

Anti-microbial Photo Dynamic Therapy (aPDT) in Endodontics: A Literature Review

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