Efficacy of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) for middle-aged and moderate level of chronic fatigue patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Sung, Won-Suk; Hj, Kang; Jung, Chan-yung; Park, Seong‐Sik; Lee, Seungho; Kim, Eun-Jung

doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102246

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A meta-analysis reported that red ginseng intake does not statistically significantly reduce fatigue symptoms [ 32 ]. Another randomized, placebo-controlled study did not show that KRG consumption resulted in a significant decrease in fatigue symptoms for the full sample, but a subgroup analysis showed that it did for people over 50 years old with moderate fatigue symptoms [ 33 ]. In this study, the KRG could reduce fatigue symptoms in postmenopausal women as confirmed with statical significance after the intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Biological Aging and Antioxidant Capacity in Postmenopausal Women: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study

et al. 2021

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Postmenopausal women are vulnerable to aging and oxidative stress due to reduced estrogen. Previous studies have shown that Korean red ginseng (KRG) has beneficial effects on aging and antioxidant capacity. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of KRG on biological aging and antioxidant capacity in postmenopausal women. This study conducted a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The participants were randomly administered KRG or a placebo, and the following metrics were measured: mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) copy number as an indicator of biological aging and, total antioxidant status (TAS) as a marker of antioxidant capacity. Clinical symptoms of fatigue, as measured by the fatigue severity scale, were assessed before and after KRG administration. There were 63 participants, of whom 33 received KRG and 30 received a placebo. The mtDNA copy number (KRG group: 1.58 ± 2.05, placebo group: 0.28 ± 2.36, p = 0.023) and TAS (KRG group: 0.11 ± 0.25 mmol/L, placebo group: −0.04 ± 0.16 mmol/L, p = 0.011) increased and the fatigue severity scale (KRG group: −7 ± 12, placebo group: −1 ± 11, p = 0.033) decreased significantly more in the KRG group than the placebo group. KRG significantly increased the mtDNA copy number, total antioxidant status, and improved symptoms of fatigue in postmenopausal women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Biological Aging and Antioxidant Capacity in Postmenopausal Women: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study

et al. 2021

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“…Traditionally, P. ginseng and KRG have been used as tonics for increasing vital energy and recovering from fatigue in eastern Asia. A few studies revealed the anti-fatigue effects of KRG by clinical (180 Chinese participants or 50 Korean patients) and preclinical (mice) investigation; however, their focus of anti-fatigue effect was not based on neurobiological underlying mechanism [ 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The present study is the first evidence for the anti-fatigue effect of KRG focusing on neurochemical alterations related to fatigue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Korean Red Ginseng Ameliorates Fatigue via Modulation of 5-HT and Corticosterone in a Sleep-Deprived Mouse Model

et al. 2021

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Central fatigue, which is neuromuscular dysfunction associated with neurochemical alterations, is an important clinical issue related to pathologic fatigue. This study aimed to investigate the anti-central fatigue effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) and its underlying mechanism. Male BALB/c mice (8 weeks old) were subjected to periodic sleep deprivation (SD) for 6 cycles (forced wakefulness for 2 days + 1 normal day per cycle). Simultaneously, the mice were administered KRG (0, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) or ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg). After all cycles, the rotarod and grip strength tests were performed, and then the changes regarding stress- and neurotransmitter-related parameters in serum and brain tissue were evaluated. Six cycles of SD notably deteriorated exercise performance in both the rotarod and grip strength tests, while KRG administration significantly ameliorated these alterations. KRG also significantly attenuated the SD-induced depletion of serum corticosterone. The levels of main neurotransmitters related to the sleep/wake cycle were markedly altered (serotonin was overproduced while dopamine levels were decreased) by SD, and KRG significantly attenuated these alterations through relevant molecules including brain-derived neurotropic factor and serotonin transporter. This study demonstrated the anti-fatigue effects of KRG in an SD mouse model, indicating the clinical relevance of KRG.

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“…Gastrointestinal mucosal repair after injury is a complex process. Panax ginseng contains complex chemical components and a wide range of pharmacological effects with multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics ( Shin et al, 2018 , Kim, 2012 , Wang, 2018 , Zhao et al, 2020 , Sung et al, 2020 ). The various components from Panax ginseng may have different active effects on IEC-6 cells, but polyamines related regulators are the common action targets of total ginsenosides and ginseng polysaccharides, which may also be one of the mechanisms and pharmacodynamic material bases for Panax ginseng to play a comprehensive role in the repair of gastrointestinal mucosal injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total ginsenosides promote the IEC-6 cell proliferation via affecting the regulatory mechanism mediated by polyamines

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2021

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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Epithelial cell proliferation has been demonstrated to be a critical modality for mucosal repair after gastrointestinal mucosal injury. This research aimed to investigate the effect of total ginsenosides upon the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6), and elucidate its potential mechanisms through polyamine-regulated pathway including the expression of proliferation-related proteins. Total ginsenosides (PGE3) were extracted from Panax ginseng , a Chinese herbal medicine, whose chromatogram was obtained by high performance liquid chromatographic method with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD). The cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and the level of c-Myc, RhoA, Cdk2 proteins were detected to determine the effects of PGE3 at 25, 50 and100 mg/l doses on IEC-6. Furthermore, rats model of intestinal mucosal injury were induced by the subcutaneous injection of indomethacin, and the effect of Panax ginseng aqueous extracts (PGE1) on intestinal mucosal injury was observed. PGE3 could promote IEC-6 cell proliferation, reduce the proportion of G0/G1 phase cells and elevate the proportion of G2/M + S phase cells, and revert the proliferation and cell cycle arrest induced by DFMO (DL-a-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamines synthesis). PGE3 exposure enhanced the level of c-Myc, RhoA and Cdk2 proteins, and reversed the inhibition of these proteins expression induced by DFMO. The results of gross and pathological scores showed administration of PGE1 significantly alleviated intestinal mucosal injury of rats. Our findings indicate that total ginsenosides promoted the IEC-6 proliferation presumably via its regulation on cell cycle and the expression of proliferation-related proteins regulated by polyamines, and provided a novel perspective for exploring the repair effect of Panax ginseng upon gastrointestinal mucosal injury.

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Efficacy of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) for middle-aged and moderate level of chronic fatigue patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

The Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Biological Aging and Antioxidant Capacity in Postmenopausal Women: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study

The Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Biological Aging and Antioxidant Capacity in Postmenopausal Women: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study

Korean Red Ginseng Ameliorates Fatigue via Modulation of 5-HT and Corticosterone in a Sleep-Deprived Mouse Model

Total ginsenosides promote the IEC-6 cell proliferation via affecting the regulatory mechanism mediated by polyamines

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