Efficacy of intramuscular treatment of beef cows with oxytetracycline to reduce mastitis and to increase calf growth2

Lents, C. A.; Wettemann, R. P.; Paape, Max; Vizcarra, J. A.; Looper, M. L.; Buchanan, D. S.; Lusby, K. S.

doi:10.2527/2002.8061405x

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…In this study, as well as in other studies [2,9], both young and old cows were affected, but the prevalence increased with increasing parity. The most common IMI found were CNS and S. aureus, which is in line with previous studies [1,2,4,6,8,9]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The fact that cows having blind quarters had more problems with subclinical mastitis and IMI in the other udder quarters is likely a result of the spread of an IMI from the blind quarter to the other quarters within the udder. An association between blind quarters and poor udder health was also found in previous studies [2,6]. The results indicate that the risk for udder health problems within a herd can be reduced by culling cows that have large funnel-shaped teats or pendulous udders after calving, and cows with blind quarters.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Udder health in beef cows and its association with calf growth

et al. 2014

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BackgroundStudies outside the Nordic countries have indicated that subclinical mastitis (measured by milk somatic cell count or the California Mastitis Test), intramammary infections (IMI), or blind quarters in beef cows may have negative effects on beef calf growth. Knowledge on prevalence of such udder health problems in Swedish beef cows is scarce. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate subclinical mastitis, IMI and udder conformation in a number of beef cow herds. Production of β-lactamase in staphylococci was also investigated. Associations between certain cow factors and subclinical mastitis and IMI, and associations between cow and calf factors and 200 day calf weaning weight were also studied. The herds were visited once within a month after calving and once at weaning. Udder examination and quarter milk sampling, for somatic cell count and bacteriology, were performed in 8 to 12 cows per herd and occasion.ResultsApproximately 50%, 40% and 10% of the cows had subclinical mastitis, IMI, and at least one blind quarter, respectively, but the prevalence varied markedly between herds. Intramammary infections (mainly due to staphylococci) were identified in 13-16% of the milk samples. Less than 5% of the staphylococcal isolates produced β-lactamase. Approximately 11% of the cows sampled twice had the same IMI (mostly Staphylococcus aureus) at both samplings. Cow factors of importance for subclinical mastitis and/or IMI were teat and udder shape, breed, parity, presence of blind quarters, and cow hygiene. No significant associations were found between udder health parameters studied and calf weaning weights.ConclusionsSubclinical mastitis and IMI, but not blind quarters, were common in beef cows, but the prevalence varied markedly between herds. Most IMI were caused by staphylococci and more than 95% of those were sensitive to penicillin. Cows with large funnel-shaped teats or pendulous udder after calving, and cows with blind quarters were at risk of having subclinical mastitis and/or IMI. Poor hygiene was also a risk factor for udder health problems. No significant associations were found between udder health and calf weaning weight. More studies on risk factors are warranted to improve advisory services on awareness and prevention of mastitis in beef cows.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Udder health in beef cows and its association with calf growth

et al. 2014

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“…With many commonly used broad-spectrum antimicrobials such as oxytetracycline, trimethoprim-sulphonamide and ceftiofur, it is difficult to produce and maintain therapeutic concentrations in the milk [12,23]. They have been tested for systemic treatment and prevention of mastitis with poor efficacy [10,23,7,26]. Macrolides would have ideal pharmacokinetics [16,45], but clinical studies have failed to demonstrate efficacy when used for the systemic treatment of clinical mastitis [42,36].…”

Section: Intramammary or Systemic Administration?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of mastitis during lactation

Pyörälä

2009

Ir Vet J

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Treatment of mastitis should be based on bacteriological diagnosis and take national and international guidelines on prudent use of antimicrobials into account. In acute mastitis, where bacteriological diagnosis is not available, treatment should be initiated based on herd data and personal experience. Rapid bacteriological diagnosis would facilitate the proper selection of the antimicrobial. Treating subclinical mastitis with antimicrobials during lactation is seldom economical, because of high treatment costs and generally poor efficacy. All mastitis treatment should be evidence-based, i.e., the efficacy of each product and treatment length should be demonstrated by scientific studies. Use of on-farm written protocols for mastitis treatment promotes a judicious use of antimicrobials and reduces the use of antimicrobials.

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“…In other words, the first mastitis case was allocated to the first treatment group, the second case to the second group, the third to the third, the fourth to the fourth, and the fifth mastitis case was then allocated to the first treatment group, and so on until each treatment group contained 60 cows. Sample size calculation was based on the study of Lents et al [34]. Clinical cases of mastitis caused by yeasts or Prototheca spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of various mastitis treatments on the reproductive performance of cows

et al. 2020

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Background: The purpose of the study described here was to evaluate the effects of different supportive treatments-such as antioxidants, immunomodulators, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-in mastitic cows treated with intramammary antibiotics on the efficacy of mastitis therapy and fertility indices. Fertility indices, including time to first insemination, conception rate, time between calving and conception (open days), and number of services per conception (insemination index), were evaluated for 300 dairy cows. Sixty cows without apparent clinical signs of mastitis were assigned 100 days after calving to a Control group. Another 240 cows with clinical mastitis were systematically divided into four experimental groups (I-IV) of 60 cows each. All mastitic cows were treated with approved intramammary antibiotics in recommended doses. Cows in Group I were treated with intramammary antibiotics only. Cows in Groups II, III, and IV, received intramammary antibiotic therapy and a single injection with antioxidants, an immunomodulator (lysozyme dimer), or an NSAID (flunixin meglumine), respectively. Results: The lowest treatment efficacy of mastitic quarters and cows was noted in Group I (51.6 and 53.3%; p > 0.05). The best recovery rate was noted in Group II (63.3 and 66.7%; p > 0.05), followed by Group III (58.3 and 60.9%) and Group IV (58.3 and 58.0%; p > 0.05). The above data did not differ statistically (p > 0.05). The animals with mastitis (Groups I-IV) showed prolonged time to first insemination, more open days, higher insemination index, and lower conception rate than the control cows (p < 0.05). The conception rate of healthy cows and of successfully treated cows was insignificantly lower than that of cows required prolonged antibiotic therapy. Supportive treatments improved the mastitis recovery rate compared with intramammary antibiotics only. The efficacy of mastitis treatments affected the reproduction indices: in cows requiring prolonged treatment with antioxidants, a shorter time to first insemination was needed than in other groups (p < 0.05). Fewer days open were observed between the group with antioxidants and the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Clinical mastitis negatively affects reproductive indices (days open, pregnancy rate after first AI, NSC) in dairy cows. Different types of supportive medicine, such as antioxidants (vitamin C and E, and β-carotene), lysozyme dimer, or NSAID can be useful in improving fertility in mastitis cows treated with antibiotic only. It has been proven that each supportive treatment improved antibiotics efficiency and the antibiotic combined with the antioxidants was the most effective treatment.

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Efficacy of intramuscular treatment of beef cows with oxytetracycline to reduce mastitis and to increase calf growth2

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Udder health in beef cows and its association with calf growth

Udder health in beef cows and its association with calf growth

Treatment of mastitis during lactation

Effects of various mastitis treatments on the reproductive performance of cows

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