“…CMD in the control groups was performed using either sterile hand curettes or titanium curettes. In contrast, the PDT + CMD groups underwent laser exposure for either 10 s [ 19 , 20 ] or 60s [ 16 – 18 , 21 , 23 ] after the introduction of various PSs into the pockets surrounding each implant via a blunt needle. Follow-up periods ranged from 3 months to 12 weeks.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Follow-up periods ranged from 3 months to 12 weeks. Among the included studies, two used indocyanine green as the PS [ 18 , 21 ], two employed phenothiazine chloride [ 19 , 20 ], and three utilised methylene blue [ 16 , 18 , 23 ]. The primary outcome measures included PD, BOP, and PI.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Javed, 2017 [ 20 ] -5.9 ± 0.3 -2.8 ± 0.4 -1.4 ± 1.1 -1.7 ± 0.7 -37.2 ± 9.2 -28 ± 5.7 MD with adjunct aPDT is more effective in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis in smokers compared with MD alone. Alsayed, 2023 [ 18 ] -0.68 ± 0.75 -0.84 ± 0.76 -27.78 ± 26 -27.66 ± 26.6 -28.94 ± 28.2 -24.15 ± 29 PDT showed statistically significant improvements in peri‑implant clinical, radiographic, microbiological, and immunological parameters as compared to conventional MD. Deeb, 2020 [ 19 ] -0.9 ± 1.1 -0.4 ± 0.9 -4.3 ± 4.4 -1.8 ± 4 -33 ± 8.4 -30.5 ± 7.1 PDT as an adjunct to MD is as efficacious as adjunctive AB therapy.…”
Objective
This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to conventional mechanical debridement (CMD) for the management of peri-implant mucositis (p-iM).
Methods
We systematically searched four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating PDT + CMD for p-iM from their inception to March 13, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.
Results
Seven RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that PDT + CMD treatment was more effective than CMD alone in reducing probing depth (PD) (Mean Difference [MD]: -1.09, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -1.99 to -0.2, P = 0.02) and plaque index (PI) (MD: -2.06, 95% CI: -2.81 to -1.31, P < 0.00001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the improvement of bleeding on probing (BOP) between the PDT + CMD groups and CMD groups (MD: -0.97, 95% CI: -2.81 to 0.88, P = 0.31).
Conclusions
Based on the current available evidence, this meta-analysis indicates that the addition of PDT to CMD significantly improves PD and PI compared to CMD alone in the treatment of p-iM. However, there is no significant difference in improving BOP.
“…CMD in the control groups was performed using either sterile hand curettes or titanium curettes. In contrast, the PDT + CMD groups underwent laser exposure for either 10 s [ 19 , 20 ] or 60s [ 16 – 18 , 21 , 23 ] after the introduction of various PSs into the pockets surrounding each implant via a blunt needle. Follow-up periods ranged from 3 months to 12 weeks.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Follow-up periods ranged from 3 months to 12 weeks. Among the included studies, two used indocyanine green as the PS [ 18 , 21 ], two employed phenothiazine chloride [ 19 , 20 ], and three utilised methylene blue [ 16 , 18 , 23 ]. The primary outcome measures included PD, BOP, and PI.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Javed, 2017 [ 20 ] -5.9 ± 0.3 -2.8 ± 0.4 -1.4 ± 1.1 -1.7 ± 0.7 -37.2 ± 9.2 -28 ± 5.7 MD with adjunct aPDT is more effective in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis in smokers compared with MD alone. Alsayed, 2023 [ 18 ] -0.68 ± 0.75 -0.84 ± 0.76 -27.78 ± 26 -27.66 ± 26.6 -28.94 ± 28.2 -24.15 ± 29 PDT showed statistically significant improvements in peri‑implant clinical, radiographic, microbiological, and immunological parameters as compared to conventional MD. Deeb, 2020 [ 19 ] -0.9 ± 1.1 -0.4 ± 0.9 -4.3 ± 4.4 -1.8 ± 4 -33 ± 8.4 -30.5 ± 7.1 PDT as an adjunct to MD is as efficacious as adjunctive AB therapy.…”
Objective
This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to conventional mechanical debridement (CMD) for the management of peri-implant mucositis (p-iM).
Methods
We systematically searched four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating PDT + CMD for p-iM from their inception to March 13, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.
Results
Seven RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that PDT + CMD treatment was more effective than CMD alone in reducing probing depth (PD) (Mean Difference [MD]: -1.09, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -1.99 to -0.2, P = 0.02) and plaque index (PI) (MD: -2.06, 95% CI: -2.81 to -1.31, P < 0.00001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the improvement of bleeding on probing (BOP) between the PDT + CMD groups and CMD groups (MD: -0.97, 95% CI: -2.81 to 0.88, P = 0.31).
Conclusions
Based on the current available evidence, this meta-analysis indicates that the addition of PDT to CMD significantly improves PD and PI compared to CMD alone in the treatment of p-iM. However, there is no significant difference in improving BOP.
“…Twenty-two full-text studies were selected for the evaluation, of which fifteen were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria ( Table 4 ). The final selection resulted in the inclusion of seven studies [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], all of which used PDT for the treatment of peri-implantitis ( Table 1 , Table 2 and Table 3 ). Figure 1 illustrates the flow of the study selection process, and the literature search results according to the PRISMA guidelines [ 33 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Of the seven included studies, five were randomized clinical trials [ 37 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], one was a randomized controlled trial [ 38 ], and one was a randomized double-blinded clinical trial [ 36 ]. These studies were conducted in different locations, including Saudi Arabia [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], Iran [ 36 , 42 ], and Japan [ 41 ], and involved a variable number of participants, with samples ranging from 10 to 64 patients and ages ranging from 20 to 90 years. Of the 230 participants, 163 were males and 67 were females.…”
The treatment of peri-implantitis is challenging in the clinical practice of implant dentistry. With limited therapeutic options and drug resistance, there is a need for alternative methods, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), which is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat peri-implantitis. This study evaluated whether the type of photosensitizer used influences the results of inflammatory control, reduction in peri-implant pocket depth, bleeding during probing, and reduction in bone loss in the dental implant region. We registered the study in the PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Review) database. We searched three main databases and gray literature in English without date restrictions. In vivo randomized clinical studies involving individuals with peri-implantitis, smokers, patients with diabetes, and healthy controls were included. PDT was used as the primary intervention. Comparators considered mechanical debridement with a reduction in pocket depth as the primary outcome and clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, gingival index, plaque index, and microbiological analysis as secondary outcomes. After reviewing the eligibility criteria, we included seven articles out of 266. A great variety of photosensitizers were observed, and it was concluded that the selection of the most appropriate type of photosensitizer must consider the patient’s characteristics and peri-implantitis conditions. The effectiveness of PDT, its effects on the oral microbiome, and the clinical patterns of peri-implantitis may vary depending on the photosensitizer chosen, which is a crucial factor in personalizing peri-implantitis treatment.
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