Efficacy of Piper nigrum (Piperaceae) extract for control of insect defoliators of forest and ornamental trees

Abstract

The acute toxicities of an extract obtained from a plant within the Piperaceae family and related synthetic analogues were tested against four common Canadian forest pest insects. The acute toxicity of the extract from black pepper, Piper nigrum L., was assessed after 1, 24, and 72 h by the percent larval mortality. The 24 h LC 50 estimates for the P. nigrum extract were (in order of decreasing sensitivity) 0.012% for the introduced pine sawfly, Diprion similis (Hartig) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), 0.053% for the forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria Hubner (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), 0.282% for the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), and 0.998% for the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Torticidae). There was no significant increase in mortality after 72 h. Seventy percent of L. dispar larvae dropped off or moved from branches within 1 h of application of 0.2% P. nigrum extract, indicating that these compounds have a repellent effect. Pipercide and nor-pipercide were more toxic to L. dispar and M. disstria larvae than piperolein A and a P. sarmentosum Roxb. amide 72 h after either oral or topical administration of these compounds. Toxic effects of piperamides were more pronounced by oral ingestion. Ninety percent mortality of L. dispar larvae occurred following an oral dose of 5 µg pipercide in diet, whereas mortality was only 40% following topical treatment at 5 µg pipercide/insect. Whole Piper extracts might be useful for the control of sawflies and tent caterpillars in small-scale applications, based on the demonstrated efficacy and reduced risk potential. 522Résumé-Nous avons évalué la toxicité aiguë d'extraits d'une plante de la famille des Piperaceae et d'analogues synthétiques apparentés chez quatre espèces communes d'insectes Can. Entomol. 139: 513-522 (2007) des forêts canadiennes. Nous avons déterminé la toxicité aiguë d'extraits du poivrier noir, Piper nigrum L., après 1, 24 et 72 h d'après le pourcentage de mortalité des larves. Les valeurs estimées de LC 50 après 24 h pour les extraits de P. nigrum sont par ordre de sensibilité décroissante, 0,012 % chez le diprion importé du pin, Diprion similis (Hartig) (Hymenoptera : Diprionidae), 0,053 % chez la livrée des forêts, Malacosoma disstria Hubner (Lepidoptera : Lasiocampidae), 0,282 % chez la spongieuse, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae) et 0,998 % chez la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae). Il n'y a pas d'augmentation significative de la mortalité après 72 h. En moins d'une heure après le traitement, 70 % des larves de L. dispar se sont laissées choir ou ont quitté les branches après l'application d'un extrait de 0,2 % de P. nigrum, ce qui indique que ces composés ont un effet répulsif. Soixante-douze h après le traitement, le pipercide et le norpipercide sont plus toxiques pour les larves de L. dispar et de M. disstria que la pipéroléine A et un amide de P. sarmentosum Roxb. lors d'administrations oral...

Bioactivity of Piper extracts on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in tomato

“…Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Alves et al, 2014;Murillo et al, 2014); Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Kitayama et al, 2013); Mythimna separata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Qu et al, 2013); Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (Debonsi et al, 2008); Malacosoma disstria Hübner (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae); Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) (Scott et al, 2007); and Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Navickiene et al, 2007). However, this is the first study to report the bioactivity of P. amalago var.…”

“…It was also observed that the caterpillars that had not penetrated the mesophyll after contact with the residue showed symptoms of lethargy and low mobility, which is likely associated with the mode of action of neurotoxins from piperaceous derivatives. The neurotoxic effects of Piperaceae extracts on insects have been described in other studies (Scott et al, 2005(Scott et al, , 2007. Among the major classes of secondary compounds often found in species of the genus Piper, amides, lignans, alkaloids, and neolignans are highlighted.…”

“…Amides, such as piperamides, commonly found in the genus Piper have dual biological activity on insects, including neurotoxic and lipid metabolism effects (Dyer & Palmer, 2004). Effects of the knockdown type, with paralysis and immediate death of the insect, have also been reported in insects treated with amides isolated from Piperaceae species (Scott et al, 2007).…”

Fauna Pests Infesting Pepper (<i>Piper nigrum</i> L.) in Penja-Cameroon

“…extracts for the control of stored products pests has been proven and the extracts of Piper nigrum, P. guineense and P. tuberculatum has been tested against insect pests of the home and garden. Whole Piper extracts might be useful for the control of sawflies and tent caterpillars in small-scale applications, based on the demonstrated efficacy and reduced risk potential [19]. Pollu beetle is the most destructive pest causing 30 to 40% yield loss in humid, tropical evergreen forests of India [20].…”

Tomato leafminer [(Tuta absoluta Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] and its current ecofriendly management strategies: A review

“…From allelochemicals, piperamides are the major classes of compounds found in species of the genus Piper that exhibits dual biological activity on insects, neurotoxic and affect lipid metabolism (Dyer and Palmer, 2004) and promising to manage chemical resistant insect populations (Scott et al, 2004). Effects of the knockdown type, with paralysis and immediate death of the insect, has also been reported in insects treated with amides isolated from Piperaceae species (Scott et al, 2007).…”