Efficacy of Ethylene as a Germination Stimulant of<i>Striga hermonthica</i>Seed

Bebawi, F. F.; Eplee, Robert E.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500067709

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This hormone can neutralize many of the negative functions of ABA during germination [ 69 , 70 , 71 ]. Ethylene, ethephon, or aminocyclopropanecarboxylate (ACC) stimulates seed germination in numerous species, including several parasitic plants, such as P. ramosa [ 72 ] and some Striga species [ 73 , 74 ]. The results showed that methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), ACS, and ACO expression levels were induced by GR24.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Phelipanche aegyptiaca Seed Germination

Yao

Tian

Cao

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Phelipanche aegyptiaca is one of the most destructive root parasitic plants of Orobanchaceae. This plant has significant impacts on crop yields worldwide. Conditioned and host root stimulants, in particular, strigolactones, are needed for unique seed germination. However, no extensive study on this phenomenon has been conducted because of insufficient genomic information. Deep RNA sequencing, including de novo assembly and functional annotation was performed on P. aegyptiaca germinating seeds. The assembled transcriptome was used to analyze transcriptional dynamics during seed germination. Key gene categories involved were identified. A total of 274,964 transcripts were determined, and 53,921 unigenes were annotated according to the NR, GO, COG, KOG, and KEGG databases. Overall, 5324 differentially expressed genes among dormant, conditioned, and GR24-treated seeds were identified. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses demonstrated numerous DEGs related to DNA, RNA, and protein repair and biosynthesis, as well as carbohydrate and energy metabolism. Moreover, ABA and ethylene were found to play important roles in this process. GR24 application resulted in dramatic changes in ABA and ethylene-associated genes. Fluridone, a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, alone could induce P. aegyptiaca seed germination. In addition, conditioning was probably not the indispensable stage for P. aegyptiaca, because the transcript level variation of MAX2 and KAI2 genes (relate to strigolactone signaling) was not up-regulated by conditioning treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Phelipanche aegyptiaca Seed Germination

Yao

Tian

Cao

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…Ethylene gas was successfully used for this purpose in the United States in the 1960's where soil contaminated with Striga seeds was fumigated with ethylene to stimulate germination of the Striga seeds in the absence of a host needed for survival (235). This has also been shown to work to varying degrees in Africa (245,246). Unfortunately, fumigating with ethylene is not a good solution in sub-Saharan Africa where this weed is a severe problem, because the farmers cannot afford the expensive equipment needed for fumigating soil.…”

Section: Regulating Ethylene Signal Transduction For Agricultural Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene signaling in plants

Binder

2020

Journal of Biological Chemistry

321

300

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Ethylene is a gaseous phytohormone and the first of this hormone class to be discovered. It is the simplest olefin gas and is biosynthesized by plants to regulate plant development, growth, and stress responses via a well-studied signaling pathway. One of the earliest reported responses to ethylene is the triple response. This response is common in eudicot seedlings grown in the dark and is characterized by reduced growth of the root and hypocotyl, an exaggerated apical hook, and a thickening of the hypocotyl. This proved a useful assay for genetic screens and enabled the identification of many components of the ethylene-signaling pathway. These components include a family of ethylene receptors in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); a protein kinase, called constitutive triple response 1 (CTR1); an ER-localized transmembrane protein of unknown biochemical activity, called ethylene-insensitive 2 (EIN2); and transcription factors such as EIN3, EIN3-like (EIL), and ethylene response factors (ERFs). These studies led to a linear model, according to which in the absence of ethylene, its cognate receptors signal to CTR1, which inhibits EIN2 and prevents downstream signaling. Ethylene acts as an inverse agonist by inhibiting its receptors, resulting in lower CTR1 activity, which releases EIN2 inhibition. EIN2 alters transcription and translation, leading to most ethylene responses. Although this canonical pathway is the predominant signaling cascade, alternative pathways also affect ethylene responses. This review summarizes our current understanding of ethylene signaling, including these alternative pathways, and discusses how ethylene signaling has been manipulated for agricultural and horticultural applications.

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“…In Rhus coriaria , a post-fire pioneer, low ethylene concentrations (0.03–0.10 μL L -1 ) released by wet ash stimulates germination ( Ne’eman et al, 1999 ), although it does not improve that of many other species in which germination is smoke-induced ( Brown and van Staden, 1997 ). Ethylene also improves germination of seeds from parasitic plants such as Striga asiatica, Striga lutea and Striga hermonthica ( Egley and Dale, 1970 ; Bebawi and Eplee, 1986 ).…”

Section: Seed Responsiveness To Exogenous Ethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene, a key factor in the regulation of seed dormancy

2014

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Ethylene is an important component of the gaseous environment, and regulates numerous plant developmental processes including seed germination and seedling establishment. Dormancy, the inability to germinate in apparently favorable conditions, has been demonstrated to be regulated by the hormonal balance between abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs). Ethylene plays a key role in dormancy release in numerous species, the effective concentrations allowing the germination of dormant seeds ranging between 0.1 and 200 μL L-1. Studies using inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis or of ethylene action and analysis of mutant lines altered in genes involved in the ethylene signaling pathway (etr1, ein2, ain1, etr1, and erf1) demonstrate the involvement of ethylene in the regulation of germination and dormancy. Ethylene counteracts ABA effects through a regulation of ABA metabolism and signaling pathways. Moreover, ethylene insensitive mutants in Arabidopsis are more sensitive to ABA and the seeds are more dormant. Numerous data also show an interaction between ABA, GAs and ethylene metabolism and signaling pathways. It has been increasingly demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a significant role in the regulation of seed germination interacting with hormonal signaling pathways. In the present review the responsiveness of seeds to ethylene will be described, and the key role of ethylene in the regulation of seed dormancy via a crosstalk between hormones and other signals will be discussed.

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Efficacy of Ethylene as a Germination Stimulant ofStriga hermonthicaSeed

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Global Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Phelipanche aegyptiaca Seed Germination

Global Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Phelipanche aegyptiaca Seed Germination

Ethylene signaling in plants

Ethylene, a key factor in the regulation of seed dormancy

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