Efficacy of epidural lidocaine combined with tramadol or neostigmine on perineal analgesia in the horse

“…It has been shown that neostigmine prolongs the duration of epidural analgesia in dogs and cattle compared with lidocaine alone [8,25]. In horses, neostigmine along with lidocaine improved and extended the duration of analgesia in the perineal region [26]. …”

Section: Neostigminementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidural analgesia in cattle, buffalo, and camels

Ismail¹

2016

Vet World

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Epidural analgesia is commonly used in large animals. It is an easy, cheap, and effective technique used to prevent or control pain during surgeries involving the tail, anus, vulva, perineum, caudal udder, scrotum, and upper hind limbs. The objectives of this article were to comprehensively review and summarize all scientific data available in the literature on new techniques and drugs or drug combinations used for epidural anesthesia in cattle, camel, and buffalo. Only articles published between 2006 and 2016 were included in the review. The most common sites for epidural administration in cattle, camels, and buffalos were the sacrococcygeal intervertebral space (S5-Co1) and first intercoccygeal intervertebral space (Co1-Co2). The most frequently used drugs and dosages were lidocaine (0.22-0.5 mg/kg), bupivacaine (0.125 mg/kg), ropivacaine (0.11 mg/kg), xylazine (0.05 mg/kg), medetomidine (15 µg/kg), romifidine (30-50 µg/kg), ketamine (0.3-2.5 mg/kg), tramadol (1 mg/kg), and neostigmine (10 µg/kg), and the clinical applications, clinical effects, recommendations, and side effects were discussed.

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“…It prolongs the duration of epidural analgesia in dogs (Marucio et al 2008;Marucio et al, 2014) and cattle (Bigham et al, 2010) compared with lidocaine alone. In equine, neostigmine co-administered with lidocaine improved and extended the duration of analgesia in the perineal region (Derossi et al, 2013). The epidural administration of neostigmine combined with lidocaine has not been investigated in buffalo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Lidocaine and Lidocaine-Neostigmine for Epidural Analgesia in Water Buffalo Calves (Bubalus Bubalis)

Ghazy¹,

Atiba²,

Shukry³

et al. 2015

AJVS

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Buffalo calves; epidural analgesia; lidocaine; neostigmine The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of epidural injection of lidocaine alone and lidocaine plus neostigmine for perineal analgesia in buffalo. Caudal epidural analgesia was performed in ten water buffalo calves at the sacrococcygeal extradural space. It was produced in all calves by 2% lidocaine alone (LA) (0.22 mg/kg) and with 2 weeks intervals, repeated by a combination of lidocaineneostigmine (LN) (0.22 mg/kg and 10 µg/kg respectively). Analgesia was tested using deep pin prick stimuli. The time of onset and duration of analgesia, ataxia, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and rectal temperature (RT) were compared among the two treatments. These parameters were determined before drug administration (baseline 0), at 10 minute intervals thereafter. haemato-biochemical parameters such as haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV%), total leukocyte count (TLC), total erythrocytes count (TEC), alanine aminotrans-ferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood glucose were determined. Both treatments resulted in complete analgesia of the tail, perineum, and the upper parts of the hind limbs. The onset of analgesia was faster, but not significant in LN group compared with LA group. The duration of epidural analgesia was significantly longer in LN group than in the LA group. Both treatments produced mild or moderate motor block. There was no significant alteration in HR, RR, and RT in both treatments. The haematological parameters decreased in all the groups. The biochemical parameters like ALT, ALP, BUN and glucose increased in all the animals. All haemato-biochemical parameters return to baseline levels at 24h. No adverse effects were observed in any of the buffaloe calves. In conclusion, the combination of LN produced analgesia of longer duration than LA. This combination would appear to be recommended for single-dose epidural administration in buffalo calves undergoing long surgical procedures in the perineal region.

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Efficacy of epidural lidocaine combined with tramadol or neostigmine on perineal analgesia in the horse

Abstract: Further studies are required to demonstrate whether tramadol or neostigmine have a role in the management of post operative pain when coadministered with lidocaine.

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Comparative analgesic and sedative effects of tramadol, tramadol-lidocaine and lidocaine for caudal epidural analgesia in donkeys (Equus asinus)

Comparative analgesic and sedative effects of tramadol, tramadol-lidocaine and lidocaine for caudal epidural analgesia in donkeys (Equus asinus)

Epidural analgesia in cattle, buffalo, and camels

Comparison of Lidocaine and Lidocaine-Neostigmine for Epidural Analgesia in Water Buffalo Calves (Bubalus Bubalis)

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