Efficacy of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles from an Extract of Ginger towards Evaluation on Anti-Microbial and Anti-Oxidant Activities

Phytosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles using the costus extract for bactericidal application against foodborne pathogens

“…The color change to brownish orange (due to the synthesis of Se-NPs) was visually observed (Appendix: Figure A1); no further color variation was observed after 4 h. The phytosynthesized Se-NPs with SCE (SCE/Se-NPs) were separated by centrifugation at 12,000 × g for 20 min (using SIGMA 2-16 KL centrifuge; Sigma Lab. GmbH, Germany), washed twice with DIW, recentrifuged and then subjected to characterization [13].…”

“…Figure A3). The change in Se-NP solution color, after SCE reduction, is attributed to surface plasmon resonance effect, after the precursor salt reduction to elemental Se-NPs, by SCE biomolecules that acted as reducing and stabilizing agents [13,26].…”

“…Former studies could achieve diverse Se-NP sizes and shapes depending on the employed biogenic reducing agents, e.g., extract of fenugreek seed-generated Se-NPs with smooth oval shape and 50-150 nm size [8], dried raisin extract gave 3-18 nm selenium nanoballs [14], Bougainvillea spectabilis flower enforced spherical Se-NP synthesis with 18-35 nm size [15] and spherical NPs with sizes of 102-170 were obtained after green microbial synthesis [16]. The biomolecules and organic compounds in the plant extract, e.g., SCE, are evidenced to cause NP reduction and stabilization and also prevention of their aggregation [13].…”

“…Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) were evidenced to possess extra bioactivities and functionalities as potent antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer agents [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

“…The biosynthesis of metal NPs, and specifically Se-NPs, was efficaciously achieved using numerous biological reducing agents, including plant extracts, resins and microbial metabolites [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Compared to physicochemical protocols of NP synthesis, biological green synthesis of Se-NPs has elevated eco-friendly, non-toxic and biosafety advantages [10].…”