Efficacy of Allicin in Decreasing Lead (Pb) Accumulation in Selected Tissues of Lead-Exposed Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of allicin, the main biologically active component of garlic clove extracts, on lead levels in different common carp tissues including liver, kidney, brain, bone, and blood following experimental lead poisoning. Fish were divided randomly into five groups depending on the combination of lead acetate and allicin treatments. Lead acetate exposure (7.0 mgL(-1), 10 days) caused a significant increase in mean Pb concentrations in all examined tissues in comparison to control unexposed fish (p < 0. 001). The results showed that allicin supplementation is effective in decreasing lead accumulation in all examined tissues of common carp. The promising ameliorative effects of allicin on tissue lead levels of common carp make it a good candidate for therapeutic intervention of lead poisoning. However, more studies are required to elucidate the pharmacokinetic effects of allicin and also molecular basis of the ameliorative properties of allicin in lead poisoning.

Protective effect of garlic extract against maternal and foetal cerebellar damage induced by lead administration during pregnancy in rats

“…antimicrobial, antithrombotic, antihypertensive, antiatherosclerotic, antihyperglycaemic and anticancer [25]. Also, it is known that garlic acts as an antioxidant by enhancing cellular antioxidant enzymes and inhibits lipid peroxidation [40]. Also, many studies have reported the prophylactic efficacy of garlic extract in reducing the Pb burden from various tissues, e.g.…”

“…A lot of the useful health-associated features of garlic have been attributed to its main effective element organosulphur substance "allicin" (thio-2-propene-1-sulphinic acid S-allyl ester). Allicin is produced during the crushing of garlic by means of the reaction of alliin, a non-protein amino acid, along with the pyridoxal phosphate-containing enzyme, alliinase [25,40].…”

Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Garlic and d‐Penicillamine in Patients with Chronic Occupational Lead Poisoning

“…Previous studies on animals have demonstrated that garlic is effective in reducing blood and tissue lead concentrations through unknown mechanisms [22][23][24][25][26][27]. Besides, garlic has already been recognized to have antimicrobial, hypolipidaemic, anticancer, antioxidant and antithrombotic effects [28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Ameliorative Effects of Caffeic Acid on Lead Accumulation and Oxidative Stress in Lead-Exposed Mice

“…Biochemical assays: For measurement of Pb levels, sample preparation was done as described previously [10,11]. Pb concentrations in prepared whole blood samples were determined (in toxicology laboratory of Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran) by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer 3030) at 283.3 nm wavelength by use of a graphite furnace.…”