Efficacy in myopia control

Brennan, Noel A.; Toubouti, Youssef; Cheng, Xu; Bullimore, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100923

Cited by 173 publications

(273 citation statements)

References 197 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

241

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This implies that MOK lens wear (and to a lesser extent, OK lens wear) has a constant myopia-controlling effect rather than a proportional effect. This corroborates the findings of others [10] that in general, myopia control methods cause an absolute reduction rather than a percent reduction in progression. Eye growth is controlled by a retina-choroid-sclera signaling pathway [24], and it seems likely that this absolute, rather than proportional, effect of myopia control methods on progression may originate in this pathway.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A variety of methods for controlling myopia progression is available [9], including nightly instillation of atropine eye drops, multifocal contact lenses, defocus incorporated (DIMS) spectacles, and orthokeratology. The relative efficacy of these methods in slowing eye enlargement in the longer term is controversial and difficult to assess [10]. However, none of these methods come close to totally eliminating myopia progression in the longer term, and so there is significant room for improving efficacy of these methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multifocal Orthokeratology versus Conventional Orthokeratology for Myopia Control: A Paired-Eye Study

Loertscher

Backhouse

Phillips

2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We conducted a prospective, paired-eye, investigator masked study in 30 children with myopia (−1.25 D to −4.00 D; age 10 to 14 years) to test the efficacy of a novel multifocal orthokeratology (MOK) lens compared to conventional orthokeratology (OK) in slowing axial eye growth. The MOK lens molded a center-distance, multifocal surface onto the anterior cornea, with a concentric treatment zone power of +2.50 D. Children wore an MOK lens in one eye and a conventional OK lens in the fellow eye nightly for 18 months. Eye growth was monitored with non-contact ocular biometry. Over 18 months, MOK-treated eyes showed significantly less axial expansion than OK-treated eyes (axial length change: MOK 0.173 mm less than OK; p < 0.01), and inner axial length (posterior cornea to anterior sclera change: MOK 0.156 mm less than OK, p < 0.01). The reduced elongation was constant across different baseline progression rates (range −0.50 D/year to −2.00 D/year). Visual acuity was less in MOK vs. OK-treated eyes (e.g., at six months, MOK: 0.09 ± 0.01 vs. OK: 0.02 ± 0.01 logMAR; p = 0.01). We conclude that MOK lenses significantly reduce eye growth compared to conventional OK lenses over 18 months.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifocal Orthokeratology versus Conventional Orthokeratology for Myopia Control: A Paired-Eye Study

Loertscher

Backhouse

Phillips

2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[355][356][357] The efficacy of some treatments may wane after the first 6 months to 2 years of treatment. 248,285,[358][359][360] There is insufficient evidence that faster progressors, or younger myopes, derive greater benefit from treatment. 285 The same treatments and protocols as applied in childhood may be applicable in later-onset myopia, although the available evidence is limited.…”

Section: Treatment Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

Németh

Tapasztó

Aclimandos

et al. 2021

European Journal of Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 billion by 2050, unless preventive actions and interventions are taken. The number of individuals with high myopia is also increasing substantially and pathological myopia is predicted to become the most common cause of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide and also in Europe. These prevalence estimates indicate the importance of reducing the burden of myopia by means of myopia control interventions to prevent myopia onset and to slow down myopia progression. Due to the urgency of the situation, the European Society of Ophthalmology decided to publish this update of the current information and guidance on management of myopia. The pathogenesis and genetics of myopia are also summarized and epidemiology, risk factors, preventive and treatment options are discussed in details.

show abstract

“… 54 , 55 Sequential treatment modalities – the effectiveness of current treatments appears to decrease with time, providing approximately a cumulative maximum approximately 1.0 D decrease in refractive error or approximately +0.44 mm decrease in axial length. 6 , 56 However, treatment modalities seem to have differing mechanisms of action, so it is possible that using different modalities sequentially may have a greater cumulative effect, although this has yet to be researched. …”

Section: An Evidence-based Clinical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are no distinct cut-off values for refractive error or axial length when pathology occurs; rather, any increase in axial length in a myopic eye (with associated change in refractive error) increases the risk of pathology. 2 The assumption that interventions in childhood myopia progression will decrease the prevalence of pathologies later in life is unsubstantiated (but likely), 6 owing to the lack of data charting the long-term course between childhood myopia progression and the onset of pathologic changes such as myopic maculopathy. Myopia-associated pathologies also vary with patient characteristics such as sex, ethnicity, and the level of myopia, 7 , 8 confounding direct associations without longitudinal data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

IMI 2021 Reports and Digest – Reflections on the Implications for Clinical Practice

Wolffsohn

Jong

Smith

et al. 2021

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The International Myopia Institute's (IMI) mission is to advance research, education, and management of myopia to decrease future vision impairment and blindness associated with increasing myopia. Its approach is to bring together scientists, clinicians, policymakers, government members, and educators into the field of myopia to stimulate collaboration and sharing of knowledge. The latest reports are on pathologic myopia, the impact of myopia, risk factors for myopia, accommodation and binocular vision in myopia development and progression, and the prevention of myopia and its progression. Together with the digest updating the 2019 International Myopia Institute white papers using the research published in the last 18 months, these evidence-based consensus white papers help to clarify the imperative for myopia control and the role of environmental modification initiatives, informing an evidence-based clinical approach. This guidance includes who to treat and when to start or stop treatment, and the advantages and limitations of different management approaches.

show abstract

Efficacy in myopia control

Cited by 173 publications

References 197 publications

Multifocal Orthokeratology versus Conventional Orthokeratology for Myopia Control: A Paired-Eye Study

Multifocal Orthokeratology versus Conventional Orthokeratology for Myopia Control: A Paired-Eye Study

Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

IMI 2021 Reports and Digest – Reflections on the Implications for Clinical Practice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About