Efficacy and toxicity of praziquantel in helminth‐infected barbel (Barbus barbus L.)

Abstract

This study evaluated efficacy and toxicity of the pyrazinoisoquinoline anthelmintic praziquantel (PZQ) in barbel infected with metacercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum and adult Pomphorhynchus laevis, and assessed antioxidant biomarkers and the lipid peroxidation response in juvenile barbel post-treatment. The estimated 96-hr LC50 of PZQ was 28.6 mg/L. For evaluation of efficacy, barbel naturally infected with D. spathaceum were exposed to a 10 and 20 mg/L PZQ 4-day bath treatment. Both concentrations were 100% effective against D. spathaceum and significantly (p < .01) affected the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase as well as levels of reduced glutathione in liver and muscle. The efficacy of orally administered PZQ was assessed in adult barbel naturally infected with P. laevis. Fish were administered 10, 30 and 50 mg/kg of body weight and examined via gut dissection after 6 days. The 50 mg/kg dose significantly decreased the intensity of infection. Praziquantel is a feasible bath treatment for barbel infected with D. spathaceum and has potential for oral treatment of broodfish infected with P. laevis.

Albendazole, levamisole and ivermectin are effective against monogeneans of Colossoma macropomum (Pisces: Serrasalmidae)

“…In intensive fish farming, managing and controlling helminth infections pose a constant challenge, since these tasks are greatly complicated by the limited availability of licensed anthelmintic drugs (Morales‐Serna et al, ; Zuskova et al, ) with varying degrees of effectiveness. Anthelmintic drugs such as albendazole, mebendazole, ivermectin, levamisole and praziquantel have been employed for the control and treatment against monogenean parasites that infest farmed fish (Hirazawa, Akiyama, & Umeda, ; Hirazawa, Ohtaka, & Hata, ; Kim & Choi, ; Martins, Onaka, Moraes, & Fujimoto, ; Morales‐Serna et al, ; Onaka, Martins, & Moraes, ; Santamarina, Tojo, Ubeira, Quinteiro, & Sanmartin, ; Sitjà‐Bobadilla, Felipe, & Alvarez‐Pellitero, ; Zhang et al, ).…”

Avermectins, praziquantel and levamisole have in vitro efficacy against Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Neoechinorhynchidae) in Colossoma macropomum: A Serrasalmidae from the Amazon

“…Levamisole, loperamide and praziquantel have been recommended for in vitro control of the acanthocephalans Neoechinorhynchus rutili Müller, 1780 and Echinorhynchus truttae Schrank, 1788 in Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792 (Taraschewski, Mehlhorn, & Raether, ). Praziquantel has also shown potential as an oral treatment against the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis Müller, 1776 in Barbus barbus Linnaeus, 1758 (Zuskova et al, ). The number of antiparasitic drugs that are efficacious, consistent and safe and which can be used across a wide range of environmental conditions is very limited.…”

Efficient Treatment of Fish Intestinal Parasites Applying Biocompatible Membrane-penetrating Oral Drug Delivery Nanoparticles

“…The increase in calcium ends up increasing the muscle contractions of the parasites and consequently it causes spastic muscle paralysis and disintegration of the integument [44], as can be seen in Figure 10. In this way, the helminths detach from the intestine and are metabolized and eliminated from the host's body [43][44][45]. The efficient treatment unveiled in the study points out that the concentration of praziquantel, 24.2 mg/kg b.v., was sufficient to reach the prominent results considering that the bioparticles provided the transport and delivery of the drug in the expected site of action and thereby promoted the effective treatment.…”