Efficacy and Safety of Blood Stasis Based Herbal Medicine for Patients with Traffic Accident : A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Blood stasis (BS) is commonly used for pattern identification in traumatic injuries, including traffic accidents (TAs). Various studies have identified the efficacy of Korean medicine treatments for TA patients, but studies focusing on the BS-based herbal medicine (BSHM), including Tongdo-san (TDS), are rare.Methods: This was a single-center, prospective observational study, conducted from August 24th, 2018 to December 27th, 2018, which included 40 TA patients. Participants underwent routine Korean medicine treatments including acupuncture, electronic moxibustion, cupping, physical therapy, and herbal medicine. In the herbal medicine treatment, participants took BSHM with more than 3 days including taking TDS. The primary outcome measures were the scores from a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale (NRS). Secondary outcome measures included scores from EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) and EQVAS questionnaires, the BS and cold/heat indices, and safety assessments.Results: There were significant improvements in the VAS, NRS, EQ-5D, EQ-VAS scores, and BS index after treatment. In the sub-analysis, VAS, NRS, EQ-5D, and EQ-VAS scores were higher in groups with a higher BS index. The moderate and severe BS index groups showed more improvement than the minor BS index group, and there was a significant difference in the EQ-5D scores. There was no significant differences observed in cold/heat index groups scores.Conclusion: BS is associated with TA-related symptoms. BSHM, including TDS, may significantly reduce BS, pain, and discomfort.

Evaluation of clinical effectiveness of blood stasis leaflet in patients with blood stasis: A prospective, randomized, and crossover trial

“…Therefore, these symptoms can be considered by DKMs as the most useful ones among the symptoms listed in the BS syndrome questionnaire. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Following the leaflet development based on, we ensured its clinical practicality by conducting an expert consensus process and obtaining approval from professional societies, thereby enhancing its quality and usability. Therefore, by enhancing accessibility to the term "BS," the BS leaflet is expected to improve patients' understanding of the concept and treatment of BS, potentially increasing patients' satisfaction and reducing treatment times.…”

“…However, prior to the development of the BS leaflet, there were extensive years of research on the development of the BS syndrome questionnaire. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] We developed the BS leaflet based on the questionnaire and subsequently clinically validated it through the Delphi process. Hence, the BS leaflet can be considered a clinically developed tool following an extensive period of expert consensus.…”

“…Therefore, these symptoms can be considered by DKMs as the most useful ones among the symptoms listed in the BS syndrome questionnaire. [1–7]…”

“…Blood stasis (BS) refers to a pattern of symptoms caused by blood circulatory dysfunction or stagnation in the human body. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] This medical term is also listed in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11 as the "SF01 BS pattern" within the "Traditional medicine patterns (TM1)" module. [9] The concept of BS originated in Huangdineijing (The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine) over 2000 years ago and has since evolved with the progress of traditional Korean medicine (TKM), gaining applications and diverse interpretations in various medical conditions.…”

Attitudes and experiences of traditional Korean medicine practitioners in cases of traffic accidents: A qualitative study

“…To enhance the reliability of prescribed herbal decoctions, it is crucial to provide sufficient information about the duration, dosage, and administration period to achieve therapeutic effects as well as the types of potential adverse reactions. This will contribute to the improvement of related regulations based on evidence and ensure the reliability of prescribed herbal medications for patients with traffic accident injuries ( Hwang and Jung, 2019 , Bong et al, 2020 ).…”