Efficacy and safety of a contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing) compared with a combined oral contraceptive: a 1-year randomized trial

Contraception and abortion

“…12 An ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel vaginal ring is available in many countries, but will probably not become available in the UK until 2008. 13 Another novel product has been an ethinylestradiol/norelgestromin transdermal patch which delivers the hormones over a period of one week and is used cyclically three weeks out of four (like the combined pill). 14 The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system has enjoyed massive popularity, with figures for annual units prescribed by general practitioners in England alone as high as 76,000.…”

Pharmacokinetics of a Multipurpose Pod-Intravaginal Ring Simultaneously Delivering Five Drugs in an Ovine Model

“…The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 s) of NVP (10 to 100 nM) (http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2005/2 0636s025,20933s014lbl.pdf) and SQV (1 to 30 nM) (http: //www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2003/20828s 015ppi.pdf) are similar and several orders of magnitude lower than those of TFV (0.04 to 8.5 ϫ 10 3 nM) (23), suggesting that the observed tissue levels for all three ARV agents are an appropriate starting point in developing a safe and effective MPT product. Vaginal lumen levels of ETG were 8 times higher than the corresponding E2 concentrations, in agreement with the relative daily release rates of ETG and EE from the NuvaRing (120 g day Ϫ1 and 15 g day Ϫ1 , respectively) (14). The flexible design of the pod IVR platform has been discussed in detail in terms of accelerated development as well as ease and cost effectiveness of manufacturing (6,7).…”

“…Several large multicenter trials evaluating a matrix IVR delivering the progestin levonorgestrel found pregnancy rates at 12 months between 3.7% (11) and 5.1% (12). In contrast, the NuvaRing, which delivers a combination of ETG and ethinyl estradiol, demonstrated clinical efficacy in excess of 99% in Europe and in the United States (13)(14)(15).…”

Efficacy, safety, and patient acceptability of the etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring

“…17 In a comparative study of three different types of contraception (vaginal ring, pill with EE/LNG, and pill with EE/gestodene), which included 280 women, irritability and depression were less frequent among ring users after 3 cycles. 27 In another randomized clinical trial, in which the ring was compared against an EE-and drospirenonecontaining COC, the authors found less emotional lability among ring users.…”

“…17 Another randomized clinical trial compared the efficacy of the vaginal ring with that of a COC containing 30 µg of EE and 3 mg of drospirenone. A total of 983 women were randomized (499 to the ring group and 484 to the COC group).…”