Efficacite Du Baume De Cajou Contre Les Chenilles Carpophages Du Cotonnier Au Nord Du Benin

Abstract

Cotton remains the main source of foreign exchange for Benin. This study aims to contribute to increased yield of organic cotton through the evaluation of the effectiveness of cashew balm as an alternative method of management of carpophagous pests of cotton. The experimental setup consists of Fisher Blocks with 6 objects in 4 repetitions. The objects compared are '' Unprocessed '', the Agri-bio-pesticide dosed at 1 l / ha, two concentrations (1% and 2%) of the hot and cold-extracted cashew balm. Linear mixed or fixed effects models and generalized linear models with mixed or fixed effects were used to determine the influence of the objects on the carpophagous larva and their damage in 2015 and 2016 in Thya to the north of Benin. The number of Helicoverpa armigera larva found in 30 plants ranged from 1.2 (Agri-biopesticide) to 2.3 (Untreated) in 2015. The percentages of green capsules with holes varied by 36.08% (Agri-bio-pesticide) at 53.68% (1% cold-extracted balm) in 2015. The percentages of ripe capsules with holes varied from 32.05% (hot-pressed balm at 2%) to 45.00% (Untreated) in 2016. Seed cotton yield ranged from 229.91 kg / ha (Untreated) to 500 kg / ha (Agri-biopesticide) in 2016. It is noted that Agri-bio-pesticide and the 2% dose of cashew balm, were more effective than that of 1%. The cashew balm is positioned as an alternative to biopesticides used in organic cotton farming.

Influence of Cotton Crop Types on the Variation of <i>Phonoctonus lutescens</i> Population Guérin Meneville and Percheron (Heteroptera: Reduvidae), a Predator of <i>Dysdercus voëlkeri</i> (Schmidt 1932) (Heteroptera: Pyrrochoridae) in Burkina Faso

“…For seed cotton yield, the results showed that neem oil combined with chilli and soap and B thuringiensis resulted in 853.53 kg/ha for organic cotton and 531.25 kg/ha for untreated cotton. This result on seed cotton yield is in agreement with that of [6] who showed that Agri-bio-pesticide which is a neem based organic pesticide improved yield compared to the untreated control. Treatments with neem oil in organic cotton crop resulted in a yield increase of 312.28 kg/ha compared to the untreated.…”

“…This result is in line with the results of other authors [39] [40] who have shown significant entomopathogenic activity of B. thuringiensis on several insect species. In the case of Capsicum frutescens L, its performance in plant protection results from the presence of alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids contained in the fruits of this botanical species [6]. Concerning beneficial insects, they are represented by ladybirds, spiders, ants, praying mantises and notably P. lutescens.…”

“…Control measures of D. voëlkeri are dependent on chemicals, which are the most widely used in crop pest control [6]. In Burkina Faso, the chemical insecticides used in conventional cotton are organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, oxadiazines and neonicotinoids.…”

Management of insect pests and diseases of cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) in production areas

“…Cashew balm is also used as a bio-insecticide [20] against crop pests such as caterpillars. (Helicoverpa armigera, Earias spp., Diparopsis watersi, Spodoptera littoralis, Pectinophora gossypiella, Thaumatotibia leucotreta) in cotton [21] , coleopteran (Collosobruchus maculatus) in cowpea stock [22] . Cashew nut oil is also obtained from cashew nut which is mainly used in pharmacology and cosmetics [19] .…”

Effets de l’huile de Thevetia et de Top bio sur les prédateurs en culture cotonnière biologique à Gobé au Centre du Bénin

“…Ces pesticides engendrent des problèmes de pollution de l'eau et des sols, les intoxications alimentaires et les atteintes sanitaires, l'apparition du phénomène de résistance ainsi que l'interférence négative des pesticides sur la faune et le contrôle biologique d'autres ravageurs (Biaou et al, 2003 ;DIREN, 2003 ;Toe, 2004, Azonkpin et al, 2018a. De plus, la pression constante qu'exerce le consommateur pour une agriculture plus saine et durable, a poussé à l'intensification des recherches pour la mise au point de méthodes alternatives de production plus respectueuses de l'environnement (Chougourou et al, 2012 ;Fayalo et al, 2014 ;Togbé et al, 2014b ;Mehinto et al, 2015 ;Azonkpin et al, 2018b). C'est dans cette perspective que les pays producteurs de coton s'intéressent de plus en plus aux modes de production alternative comme la production de coton-graine biologique et équitable.…”