Effets sur la digestion et le métabolisme des vaches laitières d'infusions d'acides gras volatils dans le rumen et de caséinate dans le duodénum. I. — Production et digestion

Rulquin, Henri; Fléchet, Jeanne; Lefaivre, Renée; Ollier, A.; Sornet, Claire

doi:10.1051/rnd:19820703

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Depressions in total-tract digestibility of DM, OM, fiber and energy have been reported when the intake of high-concentrate diets increased in cattle and sheep (Leaver et al 1969;Colucci et al 1982 (Rulquin 1982).…”

Section: Plasma Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary hydroxides on intake, digestion, rumen fermentation and acid-base balance in sheep fed a high-barley diet

Boukila¹,

Seoane²,

Bernier³

1995

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 1995. Effects of dietary hydroxides on intake, digestion, rumen fermentation and acid-base balance in sheep fed a high-barley diet. Can. J. . Eight mature wethers fitted with rumen cannulae were used in a double 4 x 4 Litin square feeding trial to study the effect of dietary alkalis on digestive physiology of sheep fed a high-barley diet. The treatments were: C = contr;l diet composed of l77o alfalfa meal and 837o concentrate, on as-fed basis; CA = control plus lTo Ca(OH)r; MG = control phts 0.797o Mg(OH)r; CAMG = control plus 0.57o Ca(OH), and 0'397o Mg(O{)2 Dry matter inlake averaged t'5t,2.54,2.79, and 2.72Vo of BW ior diets C, CA, MG and CAMG, respectively (P < 001)j Oigestible DM intake wal also affected by the treatments and averaged 0.97,1.26,1.35 and 1.37 kg d-l for C, CA, MG, and CAMG diJs, respectively (P < 0.01). Apparent iVt digestibility was higher in sheep fed the C diet than in those fed the other diets (P < 0.03) and it wasinversely relatJto intake (p. O.Or). Total VFA concentration was lower in sheep fed C than in those fed the hydroxides (p < 0.01). proportions of individual VFA were not altered by the diet except for isobutyrate which was higher in sheep fiO ttre C diet (P < 0.01). Rumen NH3-N concenffation was lower in sheep fed the hydroxide-containing diets than in animals fed the conrrol diet (p < 0.01). plasma ur6a nitrogen was lower for the C diet (P < 0.01). Plasma glucose tended to be lower for the C diet than for the other diets (P < 0.06). The control diet induced a mild form of systemic acidosis as indicated by the decrease in blood pH, HCO,-and base excess (P < 0.01). Addition of Ca(OH), and Mg(OH), to the diet, alone or in combination, improved the systemic acid-base status of sheep and was associated with increased DM intake. iivement (P < 0,01). La-digestibilii6 apparente de la MS 6tait plus 6lev6e chez les moutons recevant la ration C (P < 0'03). La digestibilit6 de la MS des ritions a vari!de fagon inverse avec le niveau d'ingestion (P < 0,01). La concentration totale en acides gris volatils (AGV) du rumen des moutons consommant la ration C 6tait la plus faible (P < 0,01) Les proportions individuelles O'4CV n'6taient pas modifi6es par les traitements i l'exception de celle d'isobutyrate qui 6tait plus 61ev6e avec la ration C (P < 0.01). La concentration en azotelmmoniacal du rumen des moutons recevant les rations contenant les hydroxydes 6tait plus faible que celle des animaux recevant la ration t6moin (P < 0,01). La teneur en azote ur6ique plasmatique 6tait plus faible avec la ration C (p . O,Ot). La teneur en glucose plasmatique tendait d €tre plus faible avec la ration C qu'avec les autres rations (P < 0'06). Par comparaison avec les rations pourvues en hydroxydes, l'ingestion de la ration t6moin a induit une forme mod6r6e d'acidose m6tibolique, comme en t6moignent les r6duclions du pH, des HCOr-et de l'excEs de bases du sang des moutons (P < 0,01

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Section: Plasma Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary hydroxides on intake, digestion, rumen fermentation and acid-base balance in sheep fed a high-barley diet

Boukila¹,

Seoane²,

Bernier³

1995

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…En (Mepham, 1982 (Rulquin, 1981(Rulquin, , 1982(Rulquin, , 1983 (Christensen, 1977). Pour la méthionine, la thréonine et la valine, acides aminés ayant plusieurs systèmes de transport, ces relations ( fig.…”

unclassified

“…The data were obtained from 32 experiments on 5 cows eating various diets (Rulquin, 1981(Rulquin, , 1983. AV differences in acetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate were highly related to the arterial levels (R = 0.97 and 0.86) and averaged 74 and 41 % of these levels ( fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilisation des produits terminaux de la digestion par la mamelle chez la vache laitière

Rulquin¹,

Fléchet²,

Lefaivre³

et al. 1986

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Summary. Use of the end-products of digestion by the udder of the dairy cow.Relations between mammary arterio-venous (AV) differences and arterial level were studied for glucose, acetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate on 172 samples and for blood essential amino acids on 20 samples, pooled by day and by cow. The data were obtained from 32 experiments on 5 cows eating various diets (Rulquin, 1981(Rulquin, , 1983. AV differences in acetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate were highly related to the arterial levels (R = 0.97 and 0.86) and averaged 74 and 41 % of these levels ( fig. 11. On the other hand, the AV difference in glucose was poorly (R = 0.5) related to the arterial levels.Among the essential amino acids, only AV differences in phenylalanine, leucine, arginine, isoleucine and histidine were linearly related to the arterial levels (R = 0. 78, 0.73, 0.68, 0.63, 0.60) (fig. 2). AV differences in lysine, methionine, valine and threonine were more related to the AV differences of other amino acids than to the arterial levels ( fig. 3).These results have been discussed in connection with different mammary metabolic transport systems and with the ability to modify mammary nutrient input by dietary manipulation.Introduction.

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“…Calorimetric studies (Whitelaw et al, 1986) indicate that increased yield is not due to improved efficiency of utilisation of energy from the mobilised fat, but simply increased rates of fat mobilisation. The latter was confirmed in tracer studies with palmitate and acetate during postruminal casein infusions which increased the palmitate entry rates (K6nig et al, 1984), although other reports indicate that the efficiency of metabolizable energy (ME) to net energy of lactation (NEI) conversion might be higher when the feed is supplemented with protein (Rulquin, 1982;Chamberlain etal, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…It has been shown that supplying large proportions of absorbable protein significantly increases milk yield and accelerates body fat mobilisation (0rskov et al, 1977;Rulquin, 1982). Calorimetric studies (Whitelaw et al, 1986) indicate that increased yield is not due to improved efficiency of utilisation of energy from the mobilised fat, but simply increased rates of fat mobilisation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible modulation of adipose tissue responsiveness to catecholamines by available dietary protein in dairy cows during early lactation

Cadorniga

M²

1995

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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Summary ― Early lactation is characterised by a number of metabolic adaptations which divert nutrients from the peripheral tissues in favour of the mammary gland. One such adaptation is the increased responsiveness of adipose tissue to lipolytic stimuli. The effects of the condition score at calving and the level of undegradable protein in the diet on the responsiveness of adipose tissue to adrenergic stimulation were studied in dairy cows during early lactation. They were subjected to exogenous epinephrine challenges on weeks 3 and 8 of lactation. The responsiveness to epinephrine increased with high levels of rumen undegradable protein in the diet and a high condition score at calving, with no interaction between the 2 factors. The responsiveness to epinephrine was increased by the dietary treatment, especially on the 8th week of lactation, which suggests that the availability of protein might prolong the metabolic adaptations characteristic of early lactation. lipolysis / early lactation / undegradable protein / condition score / epinephrine challenge Résumé ― Possible modulation de la réponse du tissu adipeux aux catécholamines par les protéines disponibles de la ration chez la vache laitière. Le début de la lactation est caractérisé par de nombreuses adaptations métaboliques qui contribuent à détourner les nutriments des tissus péri-phériques vers la glande mammaire. L'une de ces adaptations correspond à la réponse croissante du tissu adipeux aux stimulus lipolytiques. Les effets de l'état d'engraissement au vêlage et du taux de protéines non dégradables dans la ration sur la réponse du tissu adipeux aux stimulations adrénergiques, ont été étudiés au début de la lactation chez des vaches laitières soumises à des infusions d'épinéphrine dans les semaines 3 et 8 de lactation. La réponse à l'épinéphrine a augmenté avec les taux élevés de protéines non dégradables dans le rumen et avec les valeurs élevées de l'état d'engraissement, sans interaction entre les 2 facteurs. La réponse à l'épinéphrine a augmenté avec le traitement alimentaire spécialement dans la semaine 8 de lactation. Cela suggère que la disponibilité de la protéine pourrait prolonger les adaptations métaboliques caractéristiques du début de lactation. lipolyse / début de lactation / protéine non dégradable / état d'engraissement / infusion d'épi-néphrine

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Effets sur la digestion et le métabolisme des vaches laitières d'infusions d'acides gras volatils dans le rumen et de caséinate dans le duodénum. I. — Production et digestion

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of dietary hydroxides on intake, digestion, rumen fermentation and acid-base balance in sheep fed a high-barley diet

Effects of dietary hydroxides on intake, digestion, rumen fermentation and acid-base balance in sheep fed a high-barley diet

Utilisation des produits terminaux de la digestion par la mamelle chez la vache laitière

Possible modulation of adipose tissue responsiveness to catecholamines by available dietary protein in dairy cows during early lactation

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