Effects on Hand-Eye Coordination of Two Different Arm Motions during Compensation for Displaced Vision

Freedman, Sanford J.; Hall, Sarah B.; Rekosh, Jerold H.

doi:10.2466/pms.1965.20.3c.1054

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In accordance with Kitazawa et al (1997), we found that adaptation depended on the arm kinematics. This is partially inconsistent with the results of Freedman et al (1965), who reported that adaptation during sagittal movements transferred to transverse movements. However, their task placed emphasis on pointing straight ahead as there was no visual target.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Adaptation to a Visuomotor Shift Depends on the Starting Posture

Baraduc

Wolpert

2002

Journal of Neurophysiology

106

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Previous studies have shown that human subjects can adapt to a new visuomotor relationship that depends on the trajectory of the arm. However, these studies have not distinguished between hand- and joint-based learning models. We have examined whether different endpoint kinematics are necessary to obtain a differential visuomotor shift. The joint trajectory was varied by changing the initial posture, while maintaining a similar finger trajectory. After learning, maximum after-effects were found when movement began with the posture used during exposure to the visuomotor shift and decreased with the difference between initial and trained posture. This was shown to be independent of the final posture attained. Our results show that adaptation to a visual remapping cannot be due to the recoding of a desired final posture and depends on the arm trajectory in joint space.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Adaptation to a Visuomotor Shift Depends on the Starting Posture

Baraduc

Wolpert

2002

Journal of Neurophysiology

106

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“…The data from Day and Singer (1966) which indicated that one trial during the transformation phase resulted in less compensation than seven trials are in agreement with a transfer-of-learning interpretation. Further evidence in support of this view was provided by Freedman, Hall, and Rekosh (1965) who showed that similar activities during transformation and posttransformation phases resulted in greater transfer than dissimilar activities.…”

Section: Transfer From Transformation To Test Phasementioning

confidence: 86%

Sensory adaptation and behavioral compensation with spatially transformed vision and hearing.

Rh¹,

Singer²

1967

Psychological Bulletin

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An analysis of spatial transformations of perceived space is made in terms of angular and parallel modifications of the median, horizontal, and frontal planes of O, and the perceptual and behavioral outcomes of such transformations examined. It is argued that there are 2 independent outcomes: behavioral compensation and sensory spatial adaptation with aftereffect. The 1st can be regarded as a special case of motor learning similar to that studied in early investigations with frontal plane transformation (mirror tracing), and the 2nd is essentially similar to spatial adaptation which may occur with appropriate nontransformed stimulation. Both effects can occur simultaneously in the same direction, but the experimental data presented show that they can be studied independently. The effects observed by Ivo Kohler are treated as special instances of sensory adaptation which occur with transformations dependent upon sense-organ position and movement. The felt-position hypothesis and the reafference theory proposed by Held are shown to be reinterpretable in terms of motor learning and transfer of learning. Various methodological issues in the investigation of motor learning and sensory adaptation are examined.

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“…In all the conditions of their study, however, adaptation was significantly different from O. The availability of both velocity and acceleration information, as were defined earlier, in all the conditions in the Freedman et al (1965) study may have been a contributing factor to this finding. Baily (1972) investigated the role of the speed of arm movements in adaptation, using terminal visual feedback during exposure (Cohen, 1967), in which only the final· (Vyh -(Vy)ĩ T (4) target pointing could be seen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 43%

“…both under conditions of continuous viewing of the hand pointing at a target during exposure, they found no significant differences between the two movement conditions when similar exposure and test motion were used. When dissimilar exposure and test motions were used, more adaptation occurred when the exposure movements were sagittal and test movements were in an arc than when exposure movements were in an arc and test movements were sagittal, Freedman et al (1965) suggested that sagittal motion provides more relevant information for localization of the median plane than is provided by lateral motion through an arc. In all the conditions of their study, however, adaptation was significantly different from O.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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The role of acceleration information in prism adaptation

McCarter

Mikaelian

1978

Perception & Psychophysics

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Two experiments were performed in which the acceleration component of limb movement information during prism exposure was manipulated, by controlling the trajectory and visibility of arm movement. When limb movements were confined to a lateral motion on a linear track, adaptation was evident when arm movement reversal at the end of the trajectory could be viewed (nonoccluded arm-movement reversal conditions). No adaptation occurred in the occluded arm-movement reversal condition. When movements were made on a curved track, adaptation was evident in both the nonoccluded and the occluded arm-movement reversal conditions. The results indicate that the acceleration component of reafferent stimulation may be critical in prism adaptation when no error information is available.when either the speed of arm movement changes, as when the arm slows down, stops, and begins moving again, or the direction of arm movement changes, as on a curved path.The first type of visual acceleration information, the one generated by change of speed of selfproduced arm motion, can be expressed by the following simple formula:where A = acceleration, V = velocity, T = time, Vf = final velocity, and Vi = initial velocity. The second type of acceleration information, the one based on constant change of direction, is generated when the arm moves on a curvilinear path with a constant speed (illustrated in Figure I, where velocity components are indicated by vectors). The length of each vector represents the speed of movement, which remains constant throughout the curved path.

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Effects on Hand-Eye Coordination of Two Different Arm Motions during Compensation for Displaced Vision

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Adaptation to a Visuomotor Shift Depends on the Starting Posture

Adaptation to a Visuomotor Shift Depends on the Starting Posture

Sensory adaptation and behavioral compensation with spatially transformed vision and hearing.

The role of acceleration information in prism adaptation

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