An analysis of spatial transformations of perceived space is made in terms of angular and parallel modifications of the median, horizontal, and frontal planes of O, and the perceptual and behavioral outcomes of such transformations examined. It is argued that there are 2 independent outcomes: behavioral compensation and sensory spatial adaptation with aftereffect. The 1st can be regarded as a special case of motor learning similar to that studied in early investigations with frontal plane transformation (mirror tracing), and the 2nd is essentially similar to spatial adaptation which may occur with appropriate nontransformed stimulation. Both effects can occur simultaneously in the same direction, but the experimental data presented show that they can be studied independently. The effects observed by Ivo Kohler are treated as special instances of sensory adaptation which occur with transformations dependent upon sense-organ position and movement. The felt-position hypothesis and the reafference theory proposed by Held are shown to be reinterpretable in terms of motor learning and transfer of learning. Various methodological issues in the investigation of motor learning and sensory adaptation are examined.

The development of a kinesthetic aftereffect as a function of stimulation times of IS, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 sec. and its dissipation after 30 and 90 sec. stimulation have been investigated in 2 experiments. The task required kinesthetic judgment of the horizontal following controlled rhythmic stimulation of the extended hand across a slanted bar. In Experiment I the aftereffect was shown to increase with stimulation time. In Experiment II the size of the aftereffect was similar immediately following 30 and 90 sec. stimulation but the rate of dissipation was greater for the shorter than for the longer stimulation. Since with the method of adjustment dissipation is rapid during the adjustment period, the development function of Experiment I is interpreted as representing a joint function of stimulation time and differential dissipation rates.

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