Effects of Wind-Driven Lateral Upwelling on Estuarine Carbonate Chemistry

Li, Ming; Li, Renjian; Cai, Wei‐Jun; Testa, Jeremy M.; Shen, Chaoqun

doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.588465

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…Freshwater discharge and wind are two dominant forces governing the hydrodynamic and transport processes (Xiong et al., 2021). Winds are episodic with dominant periods of 2–7 days (Li, Li, et al., 2020). The total freshwater discharge to CB is on average of 2,570 m 3 /s (Cho et al., 2012).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Exchange Flow and Material Transport Along the Salinity Gradient of a Long Estuary

2021

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Exchange Flow and Material Transport Along the Salinity Gradient of a Long Estuary

2021

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“…The physical mixing and enhanced remineralization of organic substances in estuaries, promoted by high nutrient loads from land, determine the chemical composition of the system (Bauer et al, 2013;Stokowski et al, 2020). While it is beyond the scope of this study to precisely quantify the intensity of photosynthesis/ respiration processes, studies from different estuaries have suggested that intensity levels of biological activities are modulated by wind-driven inputs of nutrients from subsurface waters (Gazeau et al, 2005;Saderne et al, 2013;Li et al, 2020).…”

Section: Carbonate Chemistry Dynamics In Kiel Fjordmentioning

confidence: 96%

Field Application of Automated Spectrophotometric Analyzer for High-Resolution In Situ Monitoring of pH in Dynamic Estuarine and Coastal Waters

et al. 2022

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High quality pH measurements are required in estuarine and coastal waters to assess the impacts of anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 emissions on the marine carbonate system, including the resulting decrease in pH. In addition, pH measurements are needed to determine impacts on carbonate chemistry of phytoplankton blooms and their breakdown, following enhanced anthropogenic nutrient inputs. The spectrophotometric pH technique provides high quality pH data in seawater, and is advantageous for long-term deployments as it is not prone to drift and does not require in situ calibration. In this study, a field application of a fully automated submersible spectrophotometric analyzer for high-resolution in situ pH measurements in dynamic estuarine and coastal waters is presented. A Lab-on-Chip (LOC) pH sensor was deployed from a pontoon in the inner Kiel Fjord, southwestern Baltic Sea, for a total period of 6 weeks. We present a time-series of in situ pHT (total pH scale) and ancillary data, with sensor validation using discretely collected samples for pHT and laboratory analysis. The difference between the sensor and laboratory analyses of discrete samples was within ±0.015 pHT unit, with a mean difference of 0.001 (n=65), demonstrating that the LOC sensor can provide stable and accurate pHT measurements over several weeks.

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“…DIC at the offshore boundary was calculated with the available TA, fCO 2 from SOCAT (Bakker et al, 2016), salinity and temperature using CO2SYS. The atmosphere pCO 2 was set to be 400 ppm in 2006, a year chosen for historical validation, according to the observation from NOAA-ESRL (https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/ gmd/ccgg/trends; Li et al, 2020a). Initial conditions for DIC and TA were calculated from the two-end member mixing model.…”

Section: Carbonate Chemistry Model (Cc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled Carbonate Chemistry - Harmful Algae Bloom Models for Studying Effects of Ocean Acidification on Prorocentrum minimum Blooms in a Eutrophic Estuary

Li¹,

Li²,

Glibert³

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Eutrophic estuaries have suffered from a proliferation of harmful algal blooms (HABs) and acceleration of ocean acidification (OA) over the past few decades. Despite laboratory experiments indicating pH effects on algal growth, little is understood about how acidification affects HABs in estuaries that typically feature strong horizontal and vertical gradients in pH and other carbonate chemistry parameters. Here, coupled hydrodynamic–carbonate chemistry–HAB models were developed to gain a better understanding of OA effects on a high biomass HAB in a eutrophic estuary and to project how the global anthropogenic CO2 increase might affect these HABs in the future climate. Prorocentrum minimum in Chesapeake bay, USA, one of the most common HAB species in estuarine waters, was used as an example for studying the OA effects on HABs. Laboratory data on P. minimum grown under different pH conditions were applied in the development of an empirical formula relating growth rate to pH. Hindcast simulation using the coupled hydrodynamic-carbonate chemistry–HAB models showed that the P. minimum blooms were enhanced in the upper bay where pH was low. On the other hand, pH effects on P. minimum growth in the mid and lower bay with higher pH were minimal, but model simulations show surface seaward estuarine flow exported the higher biomass in the upper bay downstream. Future model projections with higher atmospheric pCO2 show that the bay-wide averaged P. minimum concentration during the bloom periods increases by 2.9% in 2050 and 6.2% in 2100 as pH decreases and 0.2 or 0.4, respectively. Overall the model results suggest OA will cause a moderate amplification of P. minimum blooms in Chesapeake bay. The coupled modeling framework developed here can be applied to study the effects of OA on other HAB species in estuarine and coastal environments.

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Effects of Wind-Driven Lateral Upwelling on Estuarine Carbonate Chemistry

Cited by 14 publications

References 82 publications

Exchange Flow and Material Transport Along the Salinity Gradient of a Long Estuary

Exchange Flow and Material Transport Along the Salinity Gradient of a Long Estuary

Field Application of Automated Spectrophotometric Analyzer for High-Resolution In Situ Monitoring of pH in Dynamic Estuarine and Coastal Waters

Coupled Carbonate Chemistry - Harmful Algae Bloom Models for Studying Effects of Ocean Acidification on Prorocentrum minimum Blooms in a Eutrophic Estuary

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