Effects of water, nutrients and their interactions on tree growth, and plantation forest management practices in Australasia: A review

Boosma, D.B.; Hunter, Ian

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(90)90154-4

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Unexpectedly, the lowest productivity of the plantation studied in northern Spain coincided with the area with highest rainfall. Radiata pine appears to be particularly intolerant to soil waterlogging (Boomsma and Hunter, 1990), but the steep slopes of the rainy sites under study make it difficult to attribute the low productivity of these sites to this process. In any case, the most humid et al (2002) have studied a 47 set plot of radiata pine plantations in northwest Spain and have not found significant impact of parent material on SI.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship among soil parameters, tree nutrition and site index of Pinus radiata D. Don in Asturias, NW Spain

Afif-Khouri¹,

Obregón²,

Prendes³

et al. 2010

For. syst.

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The relationships among soil parameters, tree nutrition and site index were examined in Pinus radiata D. Don stands in a climatically homogeneous area of NW Spain. Thirty-eight even-aged stands, ranging from 10 to 54 years, were sampled. In each stand, a representative plot of 0.1 ha was selected and different stand variables and parent material were considered. The soils in the study area are strongly acidic, with high proportions of organic matter, high C/N ratios, and low exchangeable base cation and available P concentration extracted by Mehlich 3 method (PM3). Although foliar N was sufficient in every stand studied, widespread deficiencies of K, P and, to a lesser extent, Mg and Ca were diagnosed. The foliar concentrations of P were positively correlated with PM3 and effective cation exchange capacity. The SI values ranged between 9.5 and 28.8 m and were positively correlated with foliar P and extractable K in soil. In the stands developed on quartzite and sandstone lithologies, the SI was negatively correlated with slope and foliar N respectively. The results suggest the importance of site selection and fertilizer treatment in reforestation programmes.Key words: age-height relationship, needle analysis, Pinus insignis, soil analysis. Resumen Influencia de los factores edáficos en el índice de sitio y estado nutricional de Pinus radiata D. Don en Asturias, noroeste de EspañaSe estudia en 38 parcelas de 0,1 ha cada una las propiedades del suelo que más influyen en el índice de sitio (IS) de plantaciones de Pinus radiata D. Don de 10 a 54 años de edad y en su estado nutricional en Asturias, considerando diferentes variables de masa y distinto material parental. Los suelos estudiados presentaron un carácter fuertemente ácido, alto contenido de materia orgánica, relación C/N elevada, bajo contenido en bases y P disponible extraído por el método de Mehlich 3 (PM3). Las deficiencias más extendidas fueron en K y P, observándose en algunas parcelas deficiencias en Mg y Ca. Sin embargo, las concentraciones en N fueron siempre superiores al nivel crítico. El P foliar se correlacionó positivamente con la capacidad de intercambio catiónico efectiva y con PM3. El IS osciló entre 9,5 y 28,8 m y estuvo positivamente correlacionado con la concentración de P en acículas y con el K intercambiable en el suelo en todas las parcelas y negativamente con la pendiente y el N foliar en las parcelas desarrolladas sobre cuarcitas y areniscas respectivamente. Los resultados revelan la importancia de la elección del sitio y la necesidad de fertilización en los programas de reforestación.Palabras clave: análisis de acículas, análisis de suelo, pino insigne, relación altura-edad.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship among soil parameters, tree nutrition and site index of Pinus radiata D. Don in Asturias, NW Spain

Afif-Khouri¹,

Obregón²,

Prendes³

et al. 2010

For. syst.

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“…Grasses and herbaceous broad-leaved weed species are commonly found during crop establishment and constitute a major impediment to the successful early growth and development of tree crops (knowe et al 1985, Boomsma and Hunter 1990, Richardson 1993, Savill et al 1997, Adams et al 2003. Weed interference can range from the significant suppression of crop growth to widespread crop mortality (Adams et al 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While no scientific papers were found in literature regarding the effect of Increased growth in response to weed control is usually explained in terms of improved access of the trees to water (Sands and Nambiar 1984) or nutrients (Ellis et al 1985, Smethurst and Nambiar 1989, örlander et al 1996. This access leads to the enhancement of the trees' physiological activity (Boomsma and Hunter 1990, Richardson 1993, Mohammed et al 1998, leading to an increase in the leaf area, light interception and photosynthetic activity of the crop (Adams et al 2003). In this study, when the weeds were controlled during the first year of the investigation, the leaf number increased 122%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the timing and duration of weed control on the establishment of a rubber tree plantation

Guzzo

Carvalho

Giancotti

et al. 2014

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Rubber tree production is reduced by weeds that compete for environmental resources; therefore, the timing and duration of weed control influences weed interference. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the growth of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) plants, to determine the critical period for weed control, and to evaluate the growth recovery of rubber trees that coexisted with weeds for different periods of time after planting. Two groups of treatments were established under field conditions in the first year of the investigation: one group contained crescent periods of weed infestation, while the other contained crescent periods of weed control, also including a weed-free check and a total weedy check. In the second year of the investigation, the weeds were totally controlled. Urochloa decumbens was the dominant weed (over 90% groundcover). Crop growth was greatly reduced due to the weed interference. Plant height decreased more rapidly than did any other characteristic. Plant height, leaf dry mass, and leaf area decreased by 99%, 97% and 96%, respectively, and were the most reduced characteristics. Plant height also recovered more rapidly than did any characteristic when the period of weed control was lengthened. However, stem dry mass increased by 750%, making it the most recovered characteristic. The critical period for weed control was between 4 and 9½ months after planting in the first year; however, the rubber trees showed an expressive growth recovery when the weeds were controlled throughout the second year.

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“…Because plantation forestry was often relegated to land with low agricultural potential (Boomsma and Hunter, 1990;Hunter and Smith, 1996), fertilization has been an effective management tool permitting the New Zealand forestry sector to produce fast-growing P. radiata plantations in nutrient-deficient areas (Mead and Gadgil, 1978;Mead, 2005b). There are a large number of empirical studies reporting growth responses to fertilization, dosages, and the environmental risks associated with the use of fertilizers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil C/N influences the carbon flux and partitioning in control and fertilized mini-plots of Pinus radiata in New Zealand

et al. 2011

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H.E. Bown, M.S. Watt, P.W. Clinton, and E.G. Mason. 2011. Soil C/N influences carbon flux and partitioning in control and fertilized mini-plots of Pinus radiata in New Zealand. Cien. Inv. Agr. 38(2): 277-289. Patterns of carbon flux and partitioning were examined in highly stocked (40,000 stems ha -1 ) control and fertilized mini-plots of Pinus radiata D. Don at five sites, which covered a wide climatic and edaphic gradient on the South Island of New Zealand. The gross-primary productivity (GPP) and the partitioning of the GPP to the above-and below-ground productivity and respiration were determined using a carbon budget approach. All of the components of the GPP, the above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP [r 2 = 0.67, P ≤ 0.01]), above-ground plant respiration (APR [r 2 = 0.66, P ≤ 0.01]), and total belowground carbon flux (TBCF [r 2 = 0.41, P ≤ 0.01]) significantly increased with the GPP, but the ANPP:GPP, APR:GPP and TBCF:GPP ratios were not significantly correlated to the GPP (P > 0.41). The TBCF:GPP ratio significantly increased with the soil C:N ratio (r 2 = 0.93, P ≤ 0.01), with a concomitant decrease in the APR:GPP ratio (r 2 = -0.88, P ≤ 0.001) without a significant effect on the ANPP:GPP ratio (P > 0.32). None of these fractions were correlated to the soil total or extractable phosphorus (P > 0.32). Although periodic and intensive measurements were required to determine the whole carbon budget in the ten plots, by necessity, the number of sites was limited, and, therefore, our results would require further confirmation using whole carbon budgets from a wider range of soil and environmental conditions.

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Effects of water, nutrients and their interactions on tree growth, and plantation forest management practices in Australasia: A review

Cited by 37 publications

References 30 publications

Relationship among soil parameters, tree nutrition and site index of Pinus radiata D. Don in Asturias, NW Spain

Relationship among soil parameters, tree nutrition and site index of Pinus radiata D. Don in Asturias, NW Spain

Impact of the timing and duration of weed control on the establishment of a rubber tree plantation

Soil C/N influences the carbon flux and partitioning in control and fertilized mini-plots of Pinus radiata in New Zealand

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