Effects of VOCs on Human Health

Phytochemical Screening of Volatile Organic Compounds in Three Common Coniferous Tree Species in Terms of Forest Ecosystem Services

“…In recent years, a number of papers were published investigating the relation of BVOCs and positive impact of forests on human health [42,[52][53][54]. Furthermore, it was reported that certain VOCs can have long-and short-term negative effects on human health and the majority of them have anthropogenic origin (AVOCs) [55]. On the other hand, it is known that during the photochemical reactions with AVOCs, VOCs of organic origin (BVOCs), including terpenes, can contribute to the creation of new air compounds, of which some can harm human health [56].…”

3D-Printed Lab-on-a-Chip Diagnostic Systems-Developing a Safe-by-Design Manufacturing Approach

“…Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are highly reactive gases that are emitted by natural sources and numerous human activities, such as smoking, vehicle operation and processes involving solvents. Inhalation of VOCs can result in short-or long-term adverse health effects being displayed [52]. Certain substances can cause irritation effects and damage to specific organs.…”

Present cum future of SARS-CoV-2 virus and its associated control of virus-laden air pollutants leading to potential environmental threat – A global review

“… Name of the pollutant Source Effects Refs. Large virus-laden aerosol (>5 µm) Coughing / sneezing They remain a shorter time in the air and mostly deposited on gravitational settling [51] Small virus-laden aerosol (<5 µm) Respiration / speech They remain in the air for a longer time and eventually dispersed by winds [51] They are quickly dispersed and re-circulated in restricted places with poor ventilation (hospitals, quarantine zones, dining area, kitchen area, washroom) [8] VOCs (xylene, toluene) Oil industry, Fuel-based vehicles Causes long-term health effects like asthma, nasal tumors, tracheal, bronchial and lung cancer, leukemia [72] , [73] , [239] Particulate matters (PM 2.5 & PM 10 ) Industries, stubble burning, transportation, power plants, construction sites, coke oven battery, fly ash and cement dust Causes carcinogenic effect to human lungs and respiratory system by penetrating the alveolar epithelium [111] , [145] , [240] CO Automobile and transport exhaust Toxicity leads to the reduction of hemoglobin in human blood [111] , [145] CO 2 Household and greenhouse gaseous emission Related to particulate emission (PM 10 , PM 2.5 ) and causes respiratory system imbalance [11] , [42] , [80] , [241] SO X , H 2 S Acid production plant, primary industrial hazard NO X , NH 3 Burning of agricultural wastes, incineration of municipal solid waste, research laboratory usage, gaseous emission from anaerobic digestor, septic tank, toilet complex Causes respiratory tract infection and red blood cell deformability …”