Effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on endogenous antioxidant systems and heat shock proteins in response to endurance training

Cumming, Kristoffer Toldnes; Raastad, Truls; Holden, Geir; Bastani, Nasser E.; Schneeberger, Damaris; Paronetto, Maria Paola; Neri, Margherita; Østgaard, Hege; Ugelstad, Ingrid; Caporossi, Daniela; Blomhoff, Rune; Paulsen, Gøran

doi:10.14814/phy2.12142

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…() did not observe any effect of vitamin C/E supplementation on increases in muscle SOD2 protein expression following 12 weeks of training, while Cumminings et al . ( b ) saw little effect of either exercise training or antioxidant supplementation on Gpx1 or SOD2 expression. It appears, therefore, that antioxidant supplementation is detrimental to acute exercise antioxidant response and can impair endurance training‐induced increases in antioxidant enzyme mRNA levels, but the effects on endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities and protein levels following training are not clear.…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Species and Exercise Trainingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Do antioxidant supplements interfere with skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training?

Merry

Ristow

2016

The Journal of Physiology

232

182

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A popular belief is that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) produced during exercise by the mitochondria and other subcellular compartments ubiquitously cause skeletal muscle damage, fatigue and impair recovery. However, the importance of ROS and RNS as signals in the cellular adaptation process to stress is now evident. In an effort to combat the perceived deleterious effects of ROS and RNS it has become common practice for active individuals to ingest supplements with antioxidant properties, but interfering with ROS/RNS signalling in skeletal muscle during acute exercise may blunt favourable adaptation. There is building evidence that antioxidant supplementation can attenuate endurance training-induced Troy Merry obtained his PhD from the University of Melbourne investigating the role or reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in regulating skeletal muscle glucose uptake during exercise. He is now a post-doctoral research fellow at the ETH Zurich and his research focuses on understand the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic disease and metabolic adaptation to exercise, and the involvement of ROS in this regard. Michael Ristow's research is focused on the biochemical and molecular basis of longevity -in particular the role played by mitochondria in lifespan regulation and prevention of metabolic diseases. Contrary to the widely re-iterated Free Radical Theory of Ageing, Ristow was the first to show that the health-promoting effects associated with low caloric intake, physical exercise and other lifespan-extending interventions like sirtuin signalling are caused by increased formation of reactive oxygen species within the mitochondria, causing a vaccination-like adaptive response that culminates in increased stress resistance and extended longevity, a process called mitohormesis. and ROS/RNS-mediated enhancements in antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular defence mechanisms and insulin sensitivity. However, this is not a universal finding, potentially indicating that there is redundancy in the mechanisms controlling skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise, meaning that in some circumstances the negative impact of antioxidants on acute exercise response can be overcome by training. Antioxidant supplementation has been more consistently reported to have deleterious effects on the response to overload stress and high-intensity training, suggesting that remodelling of skeletal muscle following resistance and high-intensity exercise is more dependent on ROS/RNS signalling. Importantly there is no convincing evidence to suggest that antioxidant supplementation enhances exercise-training adaptions. Overall, ROS/RNS are likely to exhibit a non-linear (hormetic) pattern on exercise adaptations, where physiological doses are beneficial and high exposure (which would seldom be achieved during normal exercise training) may be detrimental. Abstract figure legend Acute exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ...

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Section: Reactive Oxygen Species and Exercise Trainingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Do antioxidant supplements interfere with skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training?

Merry

Ristow

2016

The Journal of Physiology

232

182

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We have previously shown that vitamin C and E supplementation did not have an effect on HSP levels in response to 11 weeks of endurance training [24]. To our knowledge, adaptation mechanisms in the HSPs, and GPx1 and mnSOD, in response to heavy load strength training in combination with vitamin C and E supplementation has not been investigated yet in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Vitamin C and E supplementation does not affect heat shock proteins or endogenous antioxidants in trained skeletal muscles during 12 weeks of strength training

et al. 2017

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Background: Supplementation with large doses of antioxidants, such as vitamin C and E, has been shown to blunt some adaptations to endurance training. The effects of antioxidant supplementation on adaptations to strength training is sparsely studied. Herein we investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on acute stress responses to exercise and adaptation to traditional heavy load strength training. Methods: In a double blind placebo-controlled design, twenty-eight, young, trained males and females were randomly assigned to receive either vitamin C and E (C: 1000 mg, E: 235 mg, per day) or placebo supplements, and underwent strength training for 10 weeks. After five weeks, a subgroup conducted a strength training session to investigate acute stress responses. Muscle samples were obtained to investigate changes in stress responses and in proteins and mRNA related to the heat shock proteins (HSPs) or antioxidant enzymes.

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“…A minor decrease in the concentration of uric acid was also detected in group III (vitamins E + C). Previously, a decrease in the concentration of serum uric acid was detected in young adults who consumed vitamins C and E for 11 weeks [50] . Thus age, gender and an increased intake of antioxidant supplements may have an effect on the levels of uric acid in blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Our observations may indicate that individuals in group II (omega-3) can become prone to increased oxidative stress due to decreased concentration of uric acid. In the meantime, it is worth noting that increased concentration of serum uric acid may be linked to increased risk for gout and some other diseases in some populations [50][51][52][53] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Omega-3 and Vitamins E + C Supplements on the Concentration of Serum B-Vitamins and Plasma Redox Aminothiol Antioxidant Status in Elderly Men after Strength Training for Three Months

Stea¹,

Stølevik²,

Berntsen³

et al. 2016

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: Data on redox plasma aminothiol status in individuals on strength training are very limited. Therefore, we studied the effect of omega-3 and vitamins E + C supplementation on the concentration of B-vitamins and redox aminothiol status in elderly men after strength training for 3 months. Methods: Healthy men, age 60 ± 6 (mean ± SD) were randomly divided into 3 groups: group I received placebo (n = 17), group II consumed omega-3 (700 mg, n = 17), and group III consumed vitamins E + C (235 mg +1 g, n = 16) daily for 3 months. All participants completed a strength training program for the same period. Results: The concentration of serum vitamin B12 decreased and the concentration of serum folate increased in group I after the intervention (p = 0.01, p = 0.009). The concentration of plasma 5-pyridoxal phosphate decreased in groups II and III (p = 0.03 and p = 0.01), whereas the concentration of serum uric acid decreased only in group II (p = 0.02). We detected an increase in the concentration of reduced form of aminothiols in all groups (p < 0.001). The red/ox plasma aminothiol status was significantly changed in all groups after the intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Omega-3 and vitamins E + C supplementation affect the concentrations of serum B-vitamins and redox plasma aminothiol status in healthy elderly men on strength training.

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Effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on endogenous antioxidant systems and heat shock proteins in response to endurance training

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Do antioxidant supplements interfere with skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training?

Do antioxidant supplements interfere with skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training?

Vitamin C and E supplementation does not affect heat shock proteins or endogenous antioxidants in trained skeletal muscles during 12 weeks of strength training

Effect of Omega-3 and Vitamins E + C Supplements on the Concentration of Serum B-Vitamins and Plasma Redox Aminothiol Antioxidant Status in Elderly Men after Strength Training for Three Months

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