Effects of victory and defeat on testosterone and cortisol response to competition: Evidence for same response patterns in men and women

Jiménez, Manuel; Aguilar, Raúl; Alvero-Cruz, José Ramón

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.011

Cited by 98 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Furthermore, salivary Cortisol was higher before a round than rest in men, but it was higher after a round than rest in women (25). The results of the present study contrasts with other studies may be due to differences in the level of sports competition (official or friendly), sports competitions (table tennis over wrestle, soccer, golf and rugby), fitness level subjects, hydration status of subjects and groups of study (14,24,25,32,34). Thus, high levels of salivary Cortisol suggest that the activation of the sympathetic nervous system activity carried out by subjects is in effect (24).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…Thus, moderating effect of Cortisol on testosterone reactivity is not limited to laboratory settings intended to increase social stress, but is also seen in the context of athletic competition (6). Same pattern of hormonal responses to victory and defeat in men and women were obtained; that defeat leads to rises in Cortisol as well as to drops in testosterone (34).…”

Section: Barmakimentioning

confidence: 94%

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The Responses of Physiological Stress during Table Tennis Competition in Elite Female Players

Barmaki

Khazani

Ziaee

2016

Ann. Appl. Sport Sci.

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Stress is inevitable in competitive sports. Table tennis in the world known as a fastest ball game that requires attention and control stress. The main purpose of this study was investigation of physiological stress responses in elite table tennis players during competition. 16 female table tennis players (age average of 18.7 ± 3.8, height average of 161.6 ± 3.4 cm and weight average of 50.1 ± 4.2 kg) that participating in elective national team selected. During 8 competitive racing, salivary levels of Cortisol (C), testosterone (T) and Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) at rest, 60 and 30 minutes before and 60 and 30 minutes after racing were measured through saliva by enzymatic methods (ELISA). Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. The findings presented that Cortisol level in loser player was significantly increased than winner player (p<0.05); while there was no significant difference in testosterone and sIgA levels (p>0.05). Also significant difference in salivary testosterone, Cortisol and sIgA periods of 60 and 30 minutes before and after competition observed in the group of winners and losers than rest(p<0.05). Table tennis competition puts high stress on young players, that probably these indicators affect the performance table tennis players. Cortisol as an indicator of stress has an important effect on losers than winners.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Barmakimentioning

confidence: 94%

The Responses of Physiological Stress during Table Tennis Competition in Elite Female Players

Barmaki

Khazani

Ziaee

2016

Ann. Appl. Sport Sci.

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“…In other work, a rowing ergometer competition had a minor (nonsignificant) effect on T in both sexes, whilst C was elevated considerably post-event and this response was stronger in females, especially in novice ones [7]. In badminton players, games won were associated with higher post-event T in both men and women, while loses tended to decrease T [8]. Similar T responses to the matches were observed among male ice hockey players [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…In na pra ca wy ka za ła zniko my (nieistotny sta ty stycz nie) wpływ za wo dów wio ś -lar skich na T u obu płci, pod czas gdy zna czą co silniej sza by ła od po wiedź C u za wod ni czek [7]. Wy grany mecz w bad min to nie miał zwią zek z pod wyższo nym po zio mem T po wy sił ku u obu płci, ale T wy ka zy wał ten den cję do ob ni że nia po prze gra nej ry wa li za cji [8]. Po dob ne re ak cje ob ser wo wa no u mę żczyzn uczest niczą cych w za wo dach ho ke ja na lo dzie [9,10].…”

Section: Wstępunclassified

Biological Responses to Four Events of the Modern Pentathlon in Male and Female Athletes

Obmiński¹,

Ładyga²,

Anioł-Strzyżewska³

et al. 2016

Polish J Sport Med

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“…T also increases substantially over the course of athletic competition seemingly independent of match outcome (e.g., Bateup et al 2002;Casto et al 2014;Edwards et al 2006;Edwards and Kurlander 2010;Gonzalez-Bono et al 1999;Hamilton et al 2009;Suay et al 1999, but see Jiménez et al 2012). Cortisol (C), a steroid hormone related to physiological and psychological stress, may be inversely related to social status (for review, Hamilton 2015) and increase in response to losing a dominance contest in power-motivated individuals (Wirth et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone and Reconciliation Among Women: After-Competition Testosterone Predicts Prosocial Attitudes Towards Opponents

Casto

Edwards

2015

Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology

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Higher levels of testosterone (T) are thought to promote aggressive and/or antisocial behavior as a means of achieving or maintaining social status. However, recent research has begun to explore the association between T and more prosocial behaviors relevant to social status. Reconciliation after conflict is a prosocial behavior that has become ritualized in sporting contexts. T and cortisol (C) increase in association with athletic competition, but the relationship between these hormones and the willingness to reconcile with one's opponent after athletic competition has never been tested. Members of a women's soccer team gave saliva samples associated with two intercollegiate competitions, one victory and one defeat. Samples were subsequently assayed for T and C. Before giving the final saliva sample after each match, participants completed a questionnaire designed to measure willingness to reconcile with a recent opponent -the Attitudes Towards Opponents (ATO) questionnaire. T and C levels increased during competition, but decreased in the 30-min period after the end of play. ATO scores were higher, on average, after the win compared to the loss. ATO scores showed a strong positive correlation with after-game changes in T level in both matches. Win or lose, women whose T remained relatively high after the end of the match were more willing to reconcile with their opponent than women whose T levels declined more precipitously. There were no relationships between C and ATO scores. At least in women, T may motivate aftercompetition behaviors that promote status through social cohesion rather than overt aggression or dominance.

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Effects of victory and defeat on testosterone and cortisol response to competition: Evidence for same response patterns in men and women

Cited by 98 publications

References 18 publications

The Responses of Physiological Stress during Table Tennis Competition in Elite Female Players

The Responses of Physiological Stress during Table Tennis Competition in Elite Female Players

Biological Responses to Four Events of the Modern Pentathlon in Male and Female Athletes

Testosterone and Reconciliation Among Women: After-Competition Testosterone Predicts Prosocial Attitudes Towards Opponents

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