Crystallization, melting and structural evolution upon crystallization in Nd 60 Al 10 Fe 20 Co 10 bulk metallic glass (BMG) are in situ investigated by x-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation under high pressure. It is found that the crystallization is pressure promoted, while the melting is inhibited. The crystallization and melting process are also changed under high pressure. The features of the crystallization and melting under high pressure are discussed.Nd-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) with hard magnetic properties and the anomalous crystallization behaviour [1][2][3][4][5] have evoked intensive interest. Previous works show that the magnetic property of a BMG is very sensitive to the microstructure of the alloy, and crystallization can cause markedly changes of the thermal and magnetic properties [1][2][3][4][5]. In previous work, it has been found that an intermediate product involving the formation of metastable phases has been found in the crystallization process, the hard magnetic property of the BMG is related to the formed intermediate phases which are kinetically favourable in the supercooled melt prior to the crystallization [5]. It is also found that the Nd-based BMG can actually be regarded as a type of clustered amorphous material [2,5]. The direct evidence is that the HRTEM image of as-cast BMG exhibits a large numbers of nano-scale ordered regions dispersed in the glassy matrix, and the volume fraction is as large as 50% [5]. Clustered BMG exhibits hard magnetism while a ribbon sample without clustered structure is magnetically soft [3,5]. Furthermore, the BMG has no obvious glass transition in its differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) scans which is a common feature for other BMGs. High pressure (HP), which can cause a larger change of atom spacing, chemical bonding and Gibbs free energy, has been found to be a powerful tool for affecting and controlling the crystallization in the metallic