Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Primary Motor Cortex on Reaction Time and Tapping Performance: A Comparison Between Athletes and Non-athletes

Seidel, Oliver; Ragert, Patrick

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00103

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Laterality quotient was assessed by the Oldfield handedness inventory ( [49]; mean = 90, SEM = 3.2; values available in 17/19 participants). The sample size is similar to that found in tDCS studies focusing on motor learning [50,28]. Participants had no history of neurological disease or hearing impairment.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Modulation of neural activity in frontopolar cortex drives reward-based motor learning

Ruiz

Maudrich

Kalloch

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Decision-making is increasingly being recognised to play a role in learning motor skills.Understanding the neural processes regulating motor decision-making is therefore essential to identify mechanisms that contribute to motor skill learning. In decision-making tasks, the frontopolar cortex (FPC) is involved in tracking the reward of different alternative choices, as well as their reliability. Whether this FPC function extends to reward landscapes associated with a continuous movement dimension remains unknown. Here we used anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the right FPC to investigate its role in reward-based motor learning. Nineteen healthy human participants completed a motor sequence learning task using trial-wise reward feedback to discover a hidden performance goal along a continuous dimension: timing. As a control condition, we modulated contralateral motor cortex (left M1) activity with tDCS, which has been shown to benefit motor skill learning but less consistently reward-based motor learning. Each active tDCS condition was contrasted to sham stimulation. Right FPC-tDCS led to faster learning primarily through a regulation of exploration, without concurrent modulation of motor noise. A Bayesian computational model revealed that following rFPC-tDCS, participants had a higher expectation of reward, consistent with their faster learning. These higher reward estimates were inferred to be less volatile, and thus participants under rFPC-tDCS deemed the mapping between movement and reward to be more stable. Relative to sham, lM1-tDCS did not significantly modulate main behavioral outcomes. The results indicate that brain regions previously linked to decision-making, such as the FPC, are relevant for motor skill learning.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Modulation of neural activity in frontopolar cortex drives reward-based motor learning

Ruiz

Maudrich

Kalloch

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The tDCS will be applied in accordance with the technique used by Seidel and Ragert (2019) [17]. The participant will be placed in a room with minimal external in uences (such as noise, lamps, or electromagnetic waves), and positioned in a standing position at the front of the platform.…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study results showed no signi cant decrease in lower limb single RT after anodic tDCS. Most RT studies in soccer players are associated with upper limb triggering, but only one study evaluated the effect of the tDCS on the RT of soccer players, but the speci c reaction time of the kick was not analyzed [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Reaction Time Training on Cognition and Choice Reaction Time in Recreational Soccer Players (FAST Trial): A Protocol for A Randomized Clinical Trial

Neto

Luvizutto

Souza

2020

Preprint

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Background: Studies examining the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and reaction time (RT) training on choice RT in the lower limb during a specific task linked to soccer practice, such as kicking, are lacking. Accordingly, this proposal aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tDCS and RT training in choice RT and cognitive function during recreational soccer. Methods: In this single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study of 30 recreational soccer players, tDCS will be applied in the primary motor cortex (M1). Participants will be divided into (1) anodal tDCS plus RT training and (2) sham tDCS plus RT training. The investigator will be blinded to patient treatment before the first session, last session, and 1 day after the last tDCS session. In total, 15 sessions will be performed using a schedule of three times a week for 5 weeks. The RT training protocol will be delivered during tDCS and will comprise kicking a ball from a platform, placed on either the right or the left side, depending on a light cue, during a 10-min interval (between minute 5 and minute 15 after 20-min stimulation). Changes in choice RT in the upper and lower limbs will be considered primary outcome measures, and changes in Trail Making Test and Digit Span Test will be considered secondary outcome measures. Any adverse effects during the study period will be reported. To detect changes in continuous outcomes, a the anodal tDCS and the sham mode will be compared using a t-test for normal distribution, or the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test for non-normal distribution; changes will be considered significant at p < 0.05. Discussion: The FAST trial is a new proposal that uses a novel method of evaluation and training of choice RT in soccer players through a functional task. The anodal tDCS along with choice RT training with a functional task can be an efficient tool for athletes to prevent injuries. Our findings may be useful for soccer athletes to have enhanced responses during a game, and to improve performances in championships. Trial Registration: Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (Rebec) - RBR-9bjttcDate of registration: 02/28/2020Last Update: 04/20/2020

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“…In the present protocol, the choice has been made to recruit participants with different backgrounds regarding sports practice, from sedentary people to high-level athletes in the targeted performance (cyclists for endurance or parkour athletes for explosive performance). Indeed, the effect of tDCS on physical performance could also be functional of the initial level [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on sports performance for two profiles of athletes (power and endurance) (COMPETE): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Grandperrin

Grosprêtre

Nicolier

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Primary Motor Cortex on Reaction Time and Tapping Performance: A Comparison Between Athletes and Non-athletes

Cited by 34 publications

References 90 publications

Modulation of neural activity in frontopolar cortex drives reward-based motor learning

Modulation of neural activity in frontopolar cortex drives reward-based motor learning

Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Reaction Time Training on Cognition and Choice Reaction Time in Recreational Soccer Players (FAST Trial): A Protocol for A Randomized Clinical Trial

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on sports performance for two profiles of athletes (power and endurance) (COMPETE): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

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