Effects of topical and general anesthetic agents on tracheal mucous velocity of sheep

Abstract

Tracheal mucous velocity was estimated in eleven sheep by means of cine-bronchofiberscopic technique in which Teflon discs placed on the tracheal mucosa were filmed as markers. The procedure was done using a transnasal approach in conscious nonanesthetized sheep, and in the same sheep using topical and/or general anesthetic agents. The average mucous velocity in conscious sheep was 17.3 plus or minus 6.2 (SD) mm/min; in sheep anesthetized with intravenous pentobarbital or thioamylal, the average velocity was significantly depressed to 11.1 plus or minus 3.6 mm/min. No Significant differences in tracheal mucous velocity were found when 10 ml of 2 percent lidocaine was instilled into the tracheas of either conscious sheep or sheep under general anesthesia. Sheep as an animal model appear to be ideal in the study of the responses of tracheal mucous velocity to physical and chemical agents since they tolerate bronchofiberscopy quite well without the use of topical or general anesthetic agents. The basis for the depression of tracheal mucous velocity by barbiturates cannot be ascertained from the present study but the model should be useful for comparing different types of anesthetic agents.

Noninvasive real-time measurement of nasal mucociliary clearance in mice by pinhole gamma scintigraphy

“…They mainly inhibited the rapid phase of MCC in mouse noses. The inhibitory effect of barbiturates on MCC has long been reported in other species including dogs, sheep, and rats (5,23,34). Our data show a potent inhibitory effect of both pentobarbital and avertin on nasal MCC in mice.…”

“…Anesthesia has long been observed to have inhibitory effects on MCC in humans and other species (13,20,23). In this project to measure nasal MCC by scintigraphy, anesthesia is also needed to immobilize the mice under the gamma camera.…”

Activity of Erdosteine on Mucociliary Transport in Patients Affected by Chronic Bronchitis

“…The alterations of mucociliary clearance, in fact, may be attributed to changes in rheological properties of the secretions and/or in ciliary beat fre quency and in loss of integrity of the ciliated epithe lium [ 15]. Data from the literature and personal obser vations indicate that it is possible to increase MCT, using drugs with efficacy on (a) ciliary movement such as adrenergic agonists [16,17] and theophillines [18][19][20], (b) epithelial inflammation such as cor ticosteroids [21], and (c) bronchial secretions such as mucoregulators or mucolytics [22][23][24], In our study, the evaluation of MCT was per formed on chronic bronchitic patients both before and after treatment with erdosteine with an easily re peatable and well-tolerated technique [9,10] and us ing only local anesthesia with lidocaine, which does not affect tracheal mucus velocity in conscious sheeps or human beings [25]. All subjects were selected from patients with a reduction of MCT (40-60%) in a previ ous bronchoscope examination.…”

Radioaerosol inhalation lung cine-scintigraphy: a preliminary report.

“…aerosol; cine-scintigraphy; inhalation; lung; mucociliary clearance Mucociliary activity can be assessed by sequential measurement of a tracer material placed on the airway whether the tracer be a radioactive droplet (Mann and Morrow 1969;Giordano and Holsclaw 1976;Isawa et al 1980), teflon discs (Sackner et al 1973;Wanner et al 1973;Santz Cruz et al 1974;Landa et al 1975;Friedman et al 1977;Goodman et al 1977), or inhaled radioactive particles (Taplin and Poe 1965;Morrow et al 1967;Isawa et al 1970;Albert et al 1973). Acute exposure to cigarette smoke, for example, could almost lead to ciliostasis in a dosedependent manner in the dog trachea , and no mucociliary clearance was demonstrated in two patients with Kartagener's syndrome (Camner et al 1975).…”

“…Mucociliary clearance has been studied directly by bronchoscopy (Hilding 1957) or cine-bronchofiberscopy (Sackner et al 1973;Wanner et al 1973;Landa et al 1975), or indirectly by radiography (Friedman et al 1977) or external measurement of radioactivity by scintillation detectors including gamma cameras (Mann and Morrow 1969;Isawa et al 1970Isawa et al , 1980Sakakura and Proctor 1972;Yeates et al 1975;Giordano and Holsclaw 1976).…”