Effects of TMS over Premotor and Superior Temporal Cortices on Biological Motion Perception

Kemenade, Bianca M. van; Muggleton, Neil G.; Walsh, Vincent; Saygın, Ayşe Pınar

doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00194

Cited by 94 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(87 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The function and structure of these regions are associated with biological motion perception (11,15,16,20,(41)(42)(43)(44)(45) and their role in biological motion perception has been confirmed in several TMS studies (15,16). In light of this finding, these data permit a stringent comparison between the performance of our ventral patients and that of the brain-damaged patients with lesions to L-pSTS or L-vPMC (the two "critical" lesion groups).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Importantly, the two areas that are wellknown to be sensitive and critical to human motion, the pSTS and vPMC (11,13,16,28,30,32,45,49), are spared in all cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…*GB's, CR's, and EC's lesion sizes were approximated on an MNI template brain and therefore provided in MNI normalized space units (mm 3 ), which might be an overestimation relative to native space volume (82). pSTS and vPMC are critical for biological motion perception (11,15,16,41,62,63), we speculate that the ventral regions of the form visual pathway are critical for recognizing the person performing the movement, but not for recognizing the motion being performed.…”

Section: Summary Of Patients' Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is unclear, however, whether all of these brain areas contribute causally to the perception of biological motion. Neuropsychological studies in patients and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies in normal observers have identified several motion-sensitive areas as critical for biological motion perception, including the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and ventral premotor cortex (vPMC) (11,(15)(16)(17), given that a sustained or transient lesion to these regions impairs biological motion perception. However, whether form-sensitive regions in the ventral "form" visual pathway [for example, the extrastriate body area (EBA) (18)(19)(20) in the lateral occipital cortex], which are consistently activated in response to biological motion in neuroimaging studies, play a critical role in biological motion perception remains unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ventral aspect of the visual form pathway is not critical for the perception of biological motion

Gilaie-Dotan

Saygın

Lorenzi³

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Identifying the movements of those around us is fundamental for many daily activities, such as recognizing actions, detecting predators, and interacting with others socially. A key question concerns the neurobiological substrates underlying biological motion perception. Although the ventral "form" visual cortex is standardly activated by biologically moving stimuli, whether these activations are functionally critical for biological motion perception or are epiphenomenal remains unknown. To address this question, we examined whether focal damage to regions of the ventral visual cortex, resulting in significant deficits in form perception, adversely affects biological motion perception. Six patients with damage to the ventral cortex were tested with sensitive point-light display paradigms. All patients were able to recognize unmasked point-light displays and their perceptual thresholds were not significantly different from those of three different control groups, one of which comprised brain-damaged patients with spared ventral cortex (n > 50). Importantly, these six patients performed significantly better than patients with damage to regions critical for biological motion perception. To assess the necessary contribution of different regions in the ventral pathway to biological motion perception, we complement the behavioral findings with a fine-grained comparison between the lesion location and extent, and the cortical regions standardly implicated in biological motion processing. This analysis revealed that the ventral aspects of the form pathway (e.g., fusiform regions, ventral extrastriate body area) are not critical for biological motion perception. We hypothesize that the role of these ventral regions is to provide enhanced multiview/posture representations of the moving person rather than to represent biological motion perception per se.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Importantly, the two areas that are wellknown to be sensitive and critical to human motion, the pSTS and vPMC (11,13,16,28,30,32,45,49), are spared in all cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary Of Patients' Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ventral aspect of the visual form pathway is not critical for the perception of biological motion

Gilaie-Dotan

Saygın

Lorenzi³

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, they have been applied to investigate the brain processing underlying the visual and motor properties of actions, by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (Beauchamp, Lee, Haxby, & Martin, 2003;Grossman et al, 2000;Saygin, Wilson, Hagler, Bates, & Sereno, 2004), electroencephalography (Hirai, Watanabe, Honda, & Kakigi, 2009;Krakowski et al, 2011;Ulloa & Pineda, 2007), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (Grossman, Battelli, & Pascual-Leone, 2005;van Kemenade, Muggleton, Walsh, & Saygin, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human biological and nonbiological point-light movements: Creation and validation of the dataset

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human action perception is so powerful that people can identify movement efficiently in the absence of pictorial information, such as in point-light displays. Interest is growing in this type of stimulus for research in neuroscience. This interest stems from the advantage of separating the component of pure human action kinematics from other pictorial information, such as facial expression and muscle contraction. Although several groups have previously developed datasets of human point-light actions, due to the lack of datasets composed of daily actions with short durations, we developed 20 biological and 40 control (scrambled) point-light movements by using the technique of recording people wearing reflector patches. The videos are about 1 s long. Subsequently, we performed a judgment task in which 100 participants (50 male and 50 female) evaluated each video according to three categories: human action resemblance, performed action, and gender of actor. We present the mean scores of each evaluation for each video, and further propose a selection of the most suitable videos to be used as human point-light action displays and scrambled point-light displays for control. Finally, we discuss our findings on the gender attributions of the pointlight displays.

show abstract

It is the egg, not the chicken; dorsal visual deficits present in dyslexia are not present in illiterate adults

Flint

Pammer

2018

Dyslexia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Some individuals with dyslexia demonstrate deficits in reading, visual attention, and visual processing which can be attributed to a functional failure of the magnocells in the visual system or in the dorsal visual pathway. The study examines the role of magno/dorsal function in dyslexic adults compared with normal, illiterate, and semi‐literate readers. Coherent motion and coherent form were used in Experiment 1, and the frequency doubling illusion and static‐gratings were used in Experiment 2. If a magno/dorsal deficit is demonstrated for dyslexic readers but not illiterate, semi‐literate, and normal reading adults, then the deficit cannot be attributed to reading experience. Illiterate adults performed the same as normal and semi‐literate readers in coherent motion and frequency doubling tasks, and all three groups performed better than the dyslexic readers. There was no difference between any of the groups in the coherent form or static grating tasks. Together, these studies show that illiterate and semi‐literate adults do not demonstrate a magno/dorsal deficit that is a characteristic of some sufferers of dyslexia. Therefore, magno/dorsal deficits in dyslexia are unlikely to be a consequence of failing to learn to read but rather provides evidence to suggest a causal role for reduced visual magno/dorsal processing.

show abstract

Effects of TMS over Premotor and Superior Temporal Cortices on Biological Motion Perception

Cited by 94 publications

References 56 publications

Ventral aspect of the visual form pathway is not critical for the perception of biological motion

Ventral aspect of the visual form pathway is not critical for the perception of biological motion

Human biological and nonbiological point-light movements: Creation and validation of the dataset

It is the egg, not the chicken; dorsal visual deficits present in dyslexia are not present in illiterate adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About