Effects of titanium surfaces blasted with TiO₂ particles on the initial attachment of cells derived from human mandibular bone

Abstract

This study was performed to determine the effect of commercially pure titanium surfaces blasted with TiO2 particles on the biological responses of cells derived from human mandibular bone. The morphology and attachment of those cells were investigated on turned titanium surfaces (control) and surfaces blasted with 45 microns (standard), 45-63 microns, and 63-90 microns TiO2 particles. The surfaces were analyzed in a scanning electron microscope. Based on surface analyses reported elsewhere, the turned samples had the smoothest surfaces and the roughest were those blasted with the largest particles (63-90 microns). The cell profile areas were measured using a semi-automatic interactive image analyzer. The attachment was determined as a ratio of the area of cell profiles and the total micrograph area and was expressed as percentage of attachment. Morphologically, the cells were heterogeneous. In general, the cells had spread well on all titanium surfaces, indicating good attachment to both smooth and rough surfaces. After 1, 3 and 6 h, the percentage of cell attachment did not differ significantly between the surfaces blasted with 63-90 microns and the turned surfaces, but was significantly lower on the surfaces blasted with 45 microns or 45-63 microns particles. After 24 h the surfaces blasted with 63-90 microns particles had a higher rate of cell attachment than all the other surfaces including the controls. It is concluded that attachment and growth of cells originating from human mandibular bone in vitro, are influenced by the micro-texture of the implant surface.

In vitro and in vivo studies of surface-structured implants for bone formation

“…Implants modified with nanotubes may not only accelerate speed but may also promote quantity of bone formation, which is beneficial for enhancing osteointegration. This result may be due to the modulated cellular orientation, cell spreading, 22,23 and increased apatite deposition [24][25][26] induced by TiO 2 nanotube layer surfaces. It is reasonable to hypothesize that the way in which osteoblasts sense nanostructures is quite different from how they sense microstructures.…”

Stability of dental implants after irradiation with an 830-nm low-level laser: a double-blind randomized clinical study

“…However, the development of new implant surfaces and clinical techniques has enabled a considerable reduction of the initial healing period. Thus, authors proposed variations of the technique for bringing the implant into function and reduce the osseointegration time, by altering the texture of the titanium implant surface [1][2][3]. The use of low-level lasers has been suggested as another way of accelerating and improving the bone tissue healing process [4].…”

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of NobelActiveTM dental implants

“…Rougher implant surfaces have been shown to provide greater mechanical bone anchorage, as shown through push-out, pull-out, and torque testing studies (Wennerberg et al 1996, Han et al 1998. Additionally, surface topography and roughness positively affect the healing processes by promoting favourable cellular responses by means of protein surface and cell surface interactions (Borsari et al 2005, Mustafa et al 2000. The correlation between low bone density and poor primary stability can be moderated by using a minimally rough surface implant (Tabassum et al 2009).…”