Effects of Timber Harvesting with Best Management Practices on Ecosystem Metabolism of a Low Gradient Stream on the United States Gulf Coastal Plain

DaSilva, Abram; Xu, Y. Jun; Ice, George G.; Beebe, John; Stich, Richard

doi:10.3390/w5020747

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Stream temperature change due to forest harvest has been widely studied at both local scales (e.g. Gray and Edington, ; Brown and Krygier, ; Baillie et al ., ; Gomi et al ., ; Gravell and Link, ; Groom et al ., , ; Janisch et al ., ; Rex et al ., ; DaSilva et al ., ; Kibler et al ., ) and downstream scales (Brown et al ., ; Caldwell et al ., ; Zwieniecki and Newton, ; Story et al ., ; Rutherford et al ., ; Cole and Newton, ; Garner et al ., ; Johnson and Wilby, ). This abundance of studies reflects the concern over stream temperature impacts to aquatic ecosystems and has led to the evolution of stream protection rules for managed forests (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling temperature change downstream of forest harvest using Newton's law of cooling

Davis¹,

Reiter

Groom

2015

Hydrol. Process.

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We adapted Newton's law of cooling to model downstream water temperature change in response to stream-adjacent forest harvest on small and medium streams (average 327 ha in size) throughout the Oregon Coast Range, USA. The model requires measured stream gradient, width, depth and upstream control reach temperatures as inputs and contains two free parameters, which were determined by fitting the model to measured stream temperature data. This model reproduces the measured downstream temperature responses to within 0.4°C for 15 of the 16 streams studied and provides insight into the physical sources of site-to-site variation among those responses. We also use the model to examine how the pre-harvest to post-harvest change in daily maximum stream temperature depends on distance from the harvest reach. The model suggests that the pre-harvest to post-harvest temperature change approximately 300 m downstream of the harvest will range from roughly 82% to less than 1% of that temperature change that occurred within the harvest reach, depending primarily on the downstream width, depth and gradient. Using study-averaged values for these channel characteristics, the model suggests that for a stream representative of those in the study, the temperature change approximately 300 m downstream of the harvest will be 56% of the temperature change that occurred within the harvest reach. This adapted Newton's law of cooling procedure represents a highly practical means for predicting stream temperature behaviour downstream of timber harvests relative to conventional heat budget approaches and is informative of the dominant processes affecting stream temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling temperature change downstream of forest harvest using Newton's law of cooling

Davis¹,

Reiter

Groom

2015

Hydrol. Process.

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“…These pollutants, due to their low aqueous solubility and strong hydrophobic character, could be transported or deposited with sediment-associated phases [51,52], which may be a new but urgent warning to portable water supply and human health in the river basin given the projected rising of erosion and sediment yield. Studies conducted in forested headwaters also found that, when excess sediment reaches water bodies, organic matter or oxidizable inorganic nutrients could increase sediment oxygen demand (SOD) in the streambed [53][54][55], which could cause dissolved oxygen depletion [54,55] and stream metabolism [56].…”

Section: Environmental Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Impacts on Flow and Suspended Sediment Yield in Headwaters of High-Latitude Regions—A Case Study in China’s Far Northeast

Zhou

Xiao

et al. 2017

Water

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Climate change is expected to have stronger effects on water resources in higher latitude regions. Despite intensive research on possible hydrological responses in those regions to a warmer environment, our knowledge on erosion and sediment yield induced by the climate change in high-latitude headwaters is still limited. In this study, we estimated suspended sediment yields from 2021 to 2050 in a typical headwater area of far Northeast China to elucidate potential impacts of future climate change on surface runoff and erosion in higher latitude regions. We first parameterized the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) using historical measurements to estimate runoff from the river basin. The model performed well in both the calibration (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) and the validation (2012-2014) periods, with an R 2 of 0.85 and 0.88 and a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.7 and 0.73, respectively. We also utilized historical measurements on sediment yields from the period 2006-2014 to develop a runoff-sediment yield rating curve, and the rating curve obtained an excellent goodness of fit (R 2 = 0.91, p < 0.001). We then applied the calibrated SWAT model to two climate change projections, also known as Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), for the period from 2021 to 2050 to obtain future runoff estimates. These runoff estimates were then used to predict future sediment yield by using the developed runoff-sediment yield rating curve. Our study found a significant increase of annual sediment yield (p < 0.05) for both climate change projections (RCP4.5 = 237%; RCP8.5 = 133%) in this, China's high-latitude region. The increases of sediment yield were prevalent in summer and autumn, varying from 102-299% between the two RCPs scenarios. Precipitation was the dominated factor that determined the variation of runoff and sediment yield. A warming climate could bring more snowmelt-induced spring runoff and longer rainy days in autumn, hence leading to higher erosion. These findings demonstrate that under the changing climate, soils in this high-latitude headwater area would be eroded twice to three times that of the baseline period , indicating a potential risk to the downstream water quality and reservoir management.

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“…diffuse effects such as leaching, temperature increase caused by deforestation) and only one (2% = 1) studied its point impact, (Rosa et al, 2013, studying effects of a fish farm effluent). Among eight other studies in the category agriculture, four evaluated the effects of deforestation not related to agricultural activity (Houser et al, 2005;Mulholland et al, 2005;Clapcott & Barmuta, 2010;O'Driscoll et al, 2016), three studied the effects of agroforestry management (Silva et al, 2013;Carlson et al, 2014;Pearce & Yates, 2015), one evaluated the effects of pesticides and salinity (Schäfer et al, 2012) and other the effects of exotic arboreal vegetation in grassland natural areas (Riley & Dodds, 2012) ( Figure 1C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use effects and stream metabolic rates: a review of ecosystem response

Silva-Júnior

2016

Acta Limnol. Bras.

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Aim To conduct a review of the literature in order to identify the general stream metabolic responses to land use change. Methods I conducted a scientometric review analyzing the distribution of the studies among different environments, the land use scale used, and the general trends in stream metabolism response under each kind of land-use impact. Major Results Most of the analyzed studies were conducted in temperate environments, studying land-use impacts at catchment scale. Ecosystem metabolism responded to land use impacts most of the cases, especially under agricultural pressure. The general responses to land-use alterations were increases in rates of Gross Primary Production (GPP) and ecosystem Respiration (R). Primary production increases were mostly related to light and nutrient concentration increases, while R was usually related to water nutrient concentration, temperature and amount of particulate organic matter, but this general behavior can change under high impact levels where sometimes GPP decreases in response to turbidity increases. Riparian vegetation restoration have a positive effect in driving stream metabolic conditions in the direction of pristine condition, but the effectiveness of this approach is reduced in highly impacted systems. Conclusions To elucidate the mechanistic relations between stream metabolic changes and land use impacts is still one fundamental aspect to study in order to best predict effects of land use changes and establish management and protection programs. Thus, studies should focus on the causative relations between stream processes and land use changes considering different scales and multiple stress scenarios in order to improve our understanding about factors that drive the observed metabolic changes.

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Effects of Timber Harvesting with Best Management Practices on Ecosystem Metabolism of a Low Gradient Stream on the United States Gulf Coastal Plain

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Modelling temperature change downstream of forest harvest using Newton's law of cooling

Modelling temperature change downstream of forest harvest using Newton's law of cooling

Climate Change Impacts on Flow and Suspended Sediment Yield in Headwaters of High-Latitude Regions—A Case Study in China’s Far Northeast

Land use effects and stream metabolic rates: a review of ecosystem response

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