“…Thermal deformation has been seen in literature to cause significant deformation, although this is especially critical for larger hydrodynamic journal bearings where the film height is small, 33,34 and where the deformation magnitude is also seen to be around or less than the magnitude of the intended minimum film height. 33,35 This means that these effects might effect the lower operation conditions where parallel bearing surfaces are desired, but are less critical in the high operation condition where the elastic deformation amounts to several times the minimum film height.…”
In tribotronic bearing design active components are used to adapt bearing performance to operating conditions. The principle of self-adaptive bearings has also been presented in literature in which a passive modification of geometry was used for a variation in conditions. This work presents an alternative design approach for self-adaptive bearings. This approach is focused on the shift between two known bearing geometries, where each of them is the preferred solution in a part of the operating regime. Using compliant elements in the bearing design allows for passive shape shifting. Four examples are presented which present this behavior for variable velocity and load conditions. The design approach could possibly provide a cheaper alternative for simple active bearing designs, or could be combined with active components in a tribotronics design to improve existing performance.
“…Thermal deformation has been seen in literature to cause significant deformation, although this is especially critical for larger hydrodynamic journal bearings where the film height is small, 33,34 and where the deformation magnitude is also seen to be around or less than the magnitude of the intended minimum film height. 33,35 This means that these effects might effect the lower operation conditions where parallel bearing surfaces are desired, but are less critical in the high operation condition where the elastic deformation amounts to several times the minimum film height.…”
In tribotronic bearing design active components are used to adapt bearing performance to operating conditions. The principle of self-adaptive bearings has also been presented in literature in which a passive modification of geometry was used for a variation in conditions. This work presents an alternative design approach for self-adaptive bearings. This approach is focused on the shift between two known bearing geometries, where each of them is the preferred solution in a part of the operating regime. Using compliant elements in the bearing design allows for passive shape shifting. Four examples are presented which present this behavior for variable velocity and load conditions. The design approach could possibly provide a cheaper alternative for simple active bearing designs, or could be combined with active components in a tribotronics design to improve existing performance.
“…For untextured HL contacts such as thrust slider bearings, mechanical and thermal deformations www.Springer.com/journal/40544 | Friction may even contribute to the load-carrying capacity [237]. Regarding micro-textured HL contacts, Chalkiopoulos et al [238] reported that mechanically and thermally induced deformations led to a substantial alteration of the fluid film geometry in thrust pad bearings, while generating a converging and a diverging region in flow direction. This reduced the hydrodynamic effect of the textures, thus diminishing the load-carrying capacity and increasing the frictional torque.…”
Despite numerous experimental and theoretical studies reported in the literature, surface micro-texturing to control friction and wear in lubricated tribo-contacts is still in the trial-and-error phase. The tribological behaviour and advantageous micro-texture geometries and arrangements largely depend on the contact type and the operating conditions. Industrial scale implementation is hampered by the complexity of numerical approaches. This substantiates the urgent need to numerically design and optimize micro-textures for specific conditions. Since these aspects have not been covered by other review articles yet, we aim at summarizing the existing state-of-the art regarding optimization strategies for micro-textures applied in hydrodynamically and elastohydrodynamically lubricated contacts. Our analysis demonstrates the great potential of optimization strategies to further tailor micro-textures with the overall aim to reduce friction and wear, thus contributing toward an improved energy efficiency and sustainability.
“…The textured parameters, namely textured length, width, and depth have been selected by a genetic algorithm optimisation [14]. The selected parameter values are presented in Table 2 and are the resulting optimal geometry generated by Chalkiopoulos et al [15].…”
Fluid film thrust bearings are commonly used in industry, providing durable and reliable operation at high values of load carrying capacity, accompanied by low friction losses. A major advantage of hydrodynamic fluid film bearings, over other types of bearings, is their enhanced dynamic behaviour, especially under transient or impact loads. Currently, a systematic approach to identify the dynamic coefficients of thrust bearing geometrical configurations utilising high complexity CFD simulation data has not yet been established. It is therefore imperative to develop a method, capable of evaluating the dynamic characteristics of complex bearing designs and allow the evaluation of bearing response under transient loads. In the present work, a computational approach is proposed to estimate the stiffness and damping coefficients of fluid-film thrust bearings. A CFD-based ThermoHydroDynamic (THD) numerical model of the bearing is developed and utilised for performing an initial steady-state simulation at given rotational speed and thrust load, as well as subsequent transient simulations at increasing or decreasing thrust loads. The former simulation is used to calculate the stiffness coefficient of the bearing at the specified conditions, while the latter are appropriately post-processed to estimate the damping coefficient of the bearing at different values of rotor acceleration. The procedure is repeated at different operating conditions, yielding a map of the dynamic coefficients of the bearing. Finally, a single degree of freedom model is generated, which utilises the calculated values of dynamic coefficients to evaluate transient bearing performance under any given thrust load history. The proposed methodology is applied to compare the dynamic response characteristics of a conventional sector-pad tapered-land thrust bearing and a textured tapered-land thrust bearing of the same principal dimensions.
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