“…As both NAC and MESNA also bear antioxidant properties, their efficacy might result from scavenging ROS contained in CSE. However, five different ROS scavengers (mannitol, uric acid, ascorbic acid, lycopene, and -carotene), which target various oxygen species, including superoxide, hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radicals, sulphur radicals, nitrogenoxygen radicals, and singlet oxygen (2,11,32,45), failed to reduce IL-8 release induced by CSE in both SAEC and NHLF cultures. Therefore, given also the lack of effect of H 2 O 2 on IL-8 release, we conclude that ROS species contained in CSE play a minor role (if any) in directly eliciting IL-8 release in the experimental conditions here adopted.…”