Effects of the neurotoxic thionophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos on differentiating alternative models

Amaroli, Andrea; Aluigi, Maria Grazia; Falugi, Carla; Chessa, Maria Giovanna

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.11.005

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In our previous work on NTera2 cells, pluripotent cells that are able to differentiate into cholinergic cells, we showed that the process of differentiation into neuronal phenotype is altered by environmental perturbations, as a consequence of an unsuccessful transfer from the perinuclear compartment, typical of undifferentiated cells, to the cell membrane, typical of excitable cells. 15 In an attempt to restore the cellular homeostasis and the proper cellular communication, P. primaurelia cells showed an increase in the production of ChE, which seemed to reach its maximum after 48 hours of exposure to simulated microgravity. This finding is in agreement with a study on the protozoan Dictyostelium discoideum, which showed an increase in the amount of ChE after the exposure to an electromagnetic field of low intensity and frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 The same question could be raised for neuronal development in humans, since this process involves ChE and requires specific steps that, if altered, would lead to redundancy and disorders in the formation of synapses. 15 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8][9] In addition, informations derived from both the Paramecium genome sequencing 10 and the experimental studies on Paramecium [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] have demonstrated that this protozoan is excellent model for studies on humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of altered gravity induced by clinorotation on the cholinesterase activity of the non-sentient model Paramecium primaurelia (Protozoa)

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compounds known as chemical mediators, including acetylcholine, have been found not only in animals and humans, but also in living organisms, like protozoa, which lack nervous system. In Paramecium primaurelia has been described a cholinergic system, which is proven to play an important role in cell-cell interactions during its developmental cycle. In our work we investigated the effects of exposure to simulated microgravity (3D Random Positioning Machine, 56 rpm, 10 -6 g) on the cholinesterase activity of the eukaryote unicellular-organism alternative-model P. primaurelia. Our results show that the exposure of P. primaurelia to microgravity for 6 h, 24 h, 48 h affects the localization and the amount of cholinesterase activity compared to cells grown under Earth gravity conditions (1 g). However, these effects are transient since P. primaurelia restores its normal cholinesterase activity after 72 h under microgravity conditions, as well as cells exposed up to 72 h to microgravity and then placed under terrestrial gravity for 48 h.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of altered gravity induced by clinorotation on the cholinesterase activity of the non-sentient model Paramecium primaurelia (Protozoa)

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The pesticides were diluted in AX-2 medium or DMSO according to their water solubility. DMSO at the concentrations used in our experiment (<10 −3 M) has no effect on the D. discoideum cells [15].…”

Section: Detection Of Pesticide Effect On Fission Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous works about this organism, we showed the presence of pseudocholinesterase activity, named propionylcholinesterase (PrChE) [12,13]. We assumed it was involved in cell-cell and cell-environment interactions, as its inhibition affects cell aggregation and differentiation of the developmental phase of life cycle [12,14,15]. A remarkable finding of our investigations was that like the cholinesterase activities of the higher organisms, the variation of PrChE activity was found to be a valuable stress index that could represent a general biomarker of stress induced by environmental perturbations [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Effects of Temperature Variation on the Sensitivity to Pesticides: a Study on the Slime Mould Dictyostelium discoideum (Protozoa)

Amaroli

2014

Microb Ecol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Slime moulds live in agricultural ecosystems, where they play an important role in the soil fertilization and in the battle against crop pathogens. In an agricultural soil, the amoebae are exposed to different stress factors such as pesticides and weather conditions. The use of pesticides increased up from 0.49 kg per hectare in 1961 to 2 kg in 2004, and the global greenhouse gas emission has grown 70% between 1970 and 2004 leading to a global fluctuation of average surface temperature. Therefore, the European Directive 2009/128/EC has led to a new approach to agriculture, with the transition from an old concept based on high use of pesticides and fossil fuels to an agriculture aware of biodiversity and health issues. We studied the effects of temperature variations and pesticides on Dictyostelium discoideum. We measured the fission rate, the ability to differentiate and the markers of stress such as the activity and presence of pseudocholinesterase and the presence of heat shock protein 70. Our results highlight how the sensitivity to zinc, aluminium, silver, copper, cadmium, mercury, diazinon and dicofol changes for a 2 °C variation from nothing/low to critical. Our work suggests considering, in future regulations, about the use of pesticides as their toxic effect on non-target organisms is strongly influenced by climate temperatures. In addition, there is a need for a new consideration of the protozoa, which takes into account recent researches about the presence in this microorganism of classical neurotransmitters that, similar to those in animals, make protozoa an innocent target of neurotoxic pesticides in the battle against the pest crops.

show abstract

808-nm laser therapy with a flat-top handpiece photobiomodulates mitochondria activities of Paramecium primaurelia (Protozoa)

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Photobiomodulation is proposed as a non-linear process, and only low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is assumed to stimulate exposed cells, whereas high powered laser and fluences can cause negative effects, exhausting the cell's energy reserve as a consequence of excessive photon-based stimulation. In our work, we investigated and compared the effects of 808-nm diode laser (CW) with a new flat-top handpiece. To this purpose, we tested the photobiomodulation effects of 1 and 3 J/cm(2) fluence, both generated by 100 mW or 1 W of laser power and of 64 J/cm(2) of fluence generated by 100 mW, 1 W, 1.5 W or 2 W, as expressed through oxygen consumption and ATP synthesis of Paramecium. Data collected indicates the incremental consumption of oxygen through irradiation with 3 J/cm(2)-100 mW or 64 J/cm(2)-1 W correlates with an increase in Paramecium ATP synthesis. The Paramecium respiration was inhibited by fluences 64 J/cm(2)-100 mW or 64 J/cm(2)-2 W and was followed by a decrease in the endogenous ATP concentration. The 1 J/cm(2)-100 mW or 1 W and 3 J/cm(2)-1 W did not affect mitochondrial activity. The results show that the fluence of 64 J/cm(2)-1 W more than the 3 J/cm(2)-100 mW causes greater efficiency in Paramecium mitochondria respiratory chain activity. Our results suggest that thanks to flat-top handpiece we used, high fluences by high-powered laser have to be reconsidered as an effective and non-invasive therapy. Possible associated benefits of deeper tissue penetration would increase treatment effectiveness and reduced irradiation time.

show abstract

Effects of the neurotoxic thionophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos on differentiating alternative models

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of altered gravity induced by clinorotation on the cholinesterase activity of the non-sentient model Paramecium primaurelia (Protozoa)

Effects of altered gravity induced by clinorotation on the cholinesterase activity of the non-sentient model Paramecium primaurelia (Protozoa)

The Effects of Temperature Variation on the Sensitivity to Pesticides: a Study on the Slime Mould Dictyostelium discoideum (Protozoa)

808-nm laser therapy with a flat-top handpiece photobiomodulates mitochondria activities of Paramecium primaurelia (Protozoa)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About