Effects of the different rates of urease and nitrification inhibitors on gaseous emissions of ammonia and nitrous oxide, nitrate leaching and pasture production from urine patches in an intensive grazed pasture system

Zaman, Mohammad; Blennerhassett, J. D.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.010

Cited by 192 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Cattle pastures normally receive high N inputs through urine deposition of by grazing animals. Several studies have indicated that animal urine patches are the major source of N leaching into grazed pastures (Ledgard et al, 1999;Zaman & Blennerhassett, 2010). The urea in urine is rapidly converted into NH 4 + and then to NO 3 -, a process known as nitrification, by the activities of soil microorganisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land-use systems affect Archaeal community structure and functional diversity in western Amazon soils

Navarrete¹,

Taketani²,

Mendes³

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYThe study of the ecology of soil microbial communities at relevant spatial scales is primordial in the wide Amazon region due to the current land use changes. In this study, the diversity of the Archaea domain (community structure) and ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (richness and community composition) were investigated using molecular biology- (H' = 1,9629; D = 0,1715), cultivo agrícola (H' = 1,4613; D = 0,3309) e floresta secundária (H' = 0,8633; D = 0,5405

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land-use systems affect Archaeal community structure and functional diversity in western Amazon soils

Navarrete¹,

Taketani²,

Mendes³

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Each soil had two treatments in the presence or absence of 50 mg DCD kg À1 soil. This rate of DCD applied is typical for the amount applied to grazed pasture (Zaman and Blennerhassett, 2010). Microcosms were incubated at 28 1C in the dark, and the serum bottles were opened every 2 days for air exchange to maintain aerobic conditions.…”

Section: Soil Microcosm Incubationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea have more important role than ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in ammonia oxidation of strongly acidic soils

et al. 2011

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Increasing evidence demonstrated the involvement of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in the global nitrogen cycle, but the relative contributions of AOA and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) to ammonia oxidation are still in debate. Previous studies suggest that AOA would be more adapted to ammonia-limited oligotrophic conditions, which seems to be favored by protonation of ammonia, turning into ammonium in low-pH environments. Here, we investigated the autotrophic nitrification activity of AOA and AOB in five strongly acidic soils (pHo4.50) during microcosm incubation for 30 days. Significantly positive correlations between nitrate concentration and amoA gene abundance of AOA, but not of AOB, were observed during the active nitrification. 13 CO 2 -DNAstable isotope probing results showed significant assimilation of 13 C-labeled carbon source into the amoA gene of AOA, but not of AOB, in one of the selected soil samples. High levels of thaumarchaeal amoA gene abundance were observed during the active nitrification, coupled with increasing intensity of two denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis bands for specific thaumarchaeal community. Addition of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) completely inhibited the nitrification activity and CO 2 fixation by AOA, accompanied by decreasing thaumarchaeal amoA gene abundance. Bacterial amoA gene abundance decreased in all microcosms irrespective of DCD addition, and mostly showed no correlation with nitrate concentrations. Phylogenetic analysis of thaumarchaeal amoA gene and 16S rRNA gene revealed active 13 CO 2 -labeled AOA belonged to groups 1.1a-associated and 1.1b. Taken together, these results provided strong evidence that AOA have a more important role than AOB in autotrophic ammonia oxidation in strongly acidic soils.

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“…Further, as they need to be applied to urine before it is mixed with soil or faeces, its applicability is limited to systems where faeces and urine are not separated or separated after mixing (Varel et al, 1999). Results of the combined use of nitrification and urease inhibitors have been inconclusive (Khalil et al, 2009;Zaman and Blennerhassett, 2010).…”

Section: Manure Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Gerber

Hristov

Henderson

et al. 2013

Animal

311

218

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Although livestock production accounts for a sizeable share of global greenhouse gas emissions, numerous technical options have been identified to mitigate these emissions. In this review, a subset of these options, which have proven to be effective, are discussed. These include measures to reduce CH 4 emissions from enteric fermentation by ruminants, the largest single emission source from the global livestock sector, and for reducing CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from manure. A unique feature of this review is the high level of attention given to interactions between mitigation options and productivity. Among the feed supplement options for lowering enteric emissions, dietary lipids, nitrates and ionophores are identified as the most effective. Forage quality, feed processing and precision feeding have the best prospects among the various available feed and feed management measures. With regard to manure, dietary measures that reduce the amount of N excreted (e.g. better matching of dietary protein to animal needs), shift N excretion from urine to faeces (e.g. tannin inclusion at low levels) and reduce the amount of fermentable organic matter excreted are recommended. Among the many 'end-of-pipe' measures available for manure management, approaches that capture and/or process CH 4 emissions during storage (e.g. anaerobic digestion, biofiltration, composting), as well as subsurface injection of manure, are among the most encouraging options flagged in this section of the review. The importance of a multiple gas perspective is critical when assessing mitigation potentials, because most of the options reviewed show strong interactions among sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The paper reviews current knowledge on potential pollution swapping, whereby the reduction of one GHG or emission source leads to unintended increases in another.

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Effects of the different rates of urease and nitrification inhibitors on gaseous emissions of ammonia and nitrous oxide, nitrate leaching and pasture production from urine patches in an intensive grazed pasture system

Cited by 192 publications

References 54 publications

Land-use systems affect Archaeal community structure and functional diversity in western Amazon soils

Land-use systems affect Archaeal community structure and functional diversity in western Amazon soils

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea have more important role than ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in ammonia oxidation of strongly acidic soils

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

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