Effects of the commercial in ovo injection of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the hatchability and hatching chick quality of broilers

Abstract

The effects of the in ovo injection of commercial diluent containing various levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3] on hatchability and hatching chick quality variables in Ross × Ross 708 broilers were examined in 2 trials. All treatment groups, each containing 21 and 40 eggs in trials 1 and 2, respectively, were randomly represented on each of 10 replicate tray levels of a single-stage incubator. On 18 d of incubation (doi), eggs were subjected to 1 of 6 treatments using a commercial multi-egg injector. Treatments included noninjected and diluent-injected controls, along with those that received diluent containing 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, or 1.20 µg of 25(OH)D3 in trial 1 and 0.20, 0.60, 1.80, or 5.4 µg of 25(OH)D3 in trial 2. Hatchability of injected eggs (HI) was recorded on 20.5, 21.0, and 21.5 doi, and embryonic mortalities through 21.5 doi were determined. On 21.0 doi in each trial, the BW, body length, and weights and moisture concentrations of the livers and yolk sacs of male and female chicks in each replicate group were determined. In a preliminary trial, the in ovo injection of 0.60 µg of 25(OH)D3 on 18 doi significantly elevated its serum level concentrations in embryos on 19.25 doi. In both trials, the HI of noninjected controls through 21.0 doi was higher than that of diluent-injected controls. In trial 1, the HI of eggs on 21.0 doi after being injected with 0.30, 0.60, or 1.20 µg of 25(OH)D3 was higher compared with that of diluent-injected controls, and in trial 2, the HI of eggs on 21.0 and 21.5 doi after being injected with 0.60 µg of 25(OH)D3 was higher compared with that of diluent-injected controls. In conclusion, the in ovo injection of 0.60 µg of 25(OH)D3 may be used to alleviate depressions in HI in Ross × Ross 708 broiler hatching eggs that can occur in response to the in ovo injection of commercial diluent.

The Effects of In-Ovo Injection of Propolis on Egg Hatchability and Starter Live Performance of Japanese Quails

“…The in-ovo method was first used by Sharma & Burmester (1982) for the vaccination of turkey hatching eggs against Marek's disease. Recently, the in-ovo method has been investigated by researchers for administering ascorbic acid (Elibol et al, 2001;Ipek et al, 2004;Sgavioli et al, 2015), carbohydrates (Zhai et al, 2011;Salmanzadeh, 2012;Ipek et al, 2004;Tako et al, 2004), amino acids (Bhanja et al, 2014;Ohta et al, 1999;Kermanshahi et al, 2015), vitamins (Bello et al, 2013;Salary et al, 2014), minerals (Yair et al, 2013;Oliveira et al, 2015), pollen (Coskun et al, 2014), hormones (Moore et al, 1994;Kocamis et al, 1999), and royal jelly (Moghaddam et al, 2014).…”

Effects of commercial in ovo injection of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on bone development and mineralization in male and female broilers , ,

“…Hence, the noted increase in bone strength on d 28 poh that was reflected by an increased BBS in the diluent-injected males of this study may be related to an increase in their bone Ca concentrations (McDevitt et al, 2006). Bello et al (2013) showed that the in ovo injection of 25(oH)D 3 increased its subsequent concentration in the systemic circulation of broilers. Furthermore, in another previous study, Soares et al (1995) affirmed that an increase in the intake of 25(oH)D 3 or other forms of vitamin D 3 resulted in higher systemic concentrations of Ca.…”

“…Injections were performed using an Intelliject multi-egg injector (Avitech LLC, Salisbury, MD). Validation of the site of injection (amnion), injection needle dimensions and egg penetration depth, egg handling, and in ovo injection automation were as described in detail by Bello et al (2013). In addition, preparation of the injected solutions using crystalline 25(oH) D 3 (DSM Nutritional Products Inc., Parsippany, NJ) was as described by Bello et al (2013Bello et al ( , 2014a.…”

“…Validation of the site of injection (amnion), injection needle dimensions and egg penetration depth, egg handling, and in ovo injection automation were as described in detail by Bello et al (2013). In addition, preparation of the injected solutions using crystalline 25(oH) D 3 (DSM Nutritional Products Inc., Parsippany, NJ) was as described by Bello et al (2013Bello et al ( , 2014a. Treatments included noninjected and diluent-injected [100-μL volume of commercial MD vaccine diluent (Merial Co., Duluth, GA)] controls as well as 0.2, 0.6, 1.8, or 5.4 μg dosages of 25(oH)D 3 , which were delivered in 100 μL of the commercial diluent.…”

“…It is hypothesized that a single in ovo injection of 25(oH)D 3 in commercial diluent at egg transfer may adequately provide all the benefits that the dietary supplementation of 25(oH)D 3 provides. In companion studies, a one-time in ovo injection of a 0.6-μg dose of 25(oH) D 3 on 18 d of incubation (doi) improved the hatchability of embryonated broiler hatching eggs (Bello et al, 2013) without having any detrimental effects on overall growth performance (Bello et al, 2014a) and bone development and mineralization in straight run broilers (Bello et al, 2014b). Therefore, the objectives of this current study were to investigate effects of the in ovo injection of 25(oH)D 3 on 18 doi at various dosages in 100 μL of the commercial diluent on BBS, PBA, BMD, and Ca and P concentrations in the tibias of male and female broilers on d 0, 14, and 28 poh.…”