Effects of commercial in ovo injection of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on bone development and mineralization in male and female broilers , ,

Abstract

Improved bone development and mineralization in broilers have been attributed to the use of 25-hydroxylcholecalceiferol [25(OH)D3] as a dietary supplement. In this study, effects of the in ovo injection of 25(OH)D3 delivered in commercial diluent on 18 d of incubation (doi) on subsequent bone development and mineralization in male and female Ross × Ross 708 broilers were investigated. The variables investigated included bone mineral density and breaking strength, bone ash concentration, and calcium and phosphorus bone ash concentrations. In a single-stage incubator, with 6 treatments on each of the 10 tray levels, a total of 2,400 experimental broiler hatching eggs were evenly and randomly set. Eggs were treatment-injected and transferred to corresponding hatching baskets on 18 doi. Experimental treatment groups were those that received 0.2, 0.6, 1.8, or 5.4 µg of 25(OH)D3 that were delivered in 100 µL of commercial diluent. Noninjected and diluent-injected controls were also included. On 21 doi, chicks were pulled and placed in corresponding floor pens, and on each of d 0, 14, and 28 posthatch (poh), 2 birds of each sex from each pen were randomly selected for necropsy and extraction of both of their tibia bones. Bones from the right leg were subjected to mineral density analysis and those from the left leg were used to determine breaking strength and residual bone ash concentration. Furthermore, ash calcium and phosphorus concentrations on d 14 and 28 poh were determined. There was a treatment × sex × age interaction for bone breaking strength. Bone breaking strength in male birds on d 28 poh was higher in the 0.20, 0.60, and 1.80 µg of 25(OH)D3-injected treatment groups than in the diluent-injected control group. In conclusion, although the in ovo injection of 25(OH)D3 had no positive effect on the bone development of Ross × Ross 708 broilers through d 28 poh compared with noninjected controls, it may provide a benefit to those subjected to an injection of commercial vaccine diluent.

Effects of source and level of in ovo-injected vitamin D3 on the hatchability and serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations of Ross 708 broilers

“…(2013) reported that broiler hatching eggs that received in ovo injections of 5.4 μg of 25OHD 3 resulted in broilers having higher PYM and lower PYDM values in comparison with those that received treatment levels that ranged between 0.3 and 1.2 μg. In addition, in ovo injection of 0.6 μg of 25OHD 3 has been shown to increase PYM ( Bello et al., 2013 ) and bone quality ( Bello et al., 2014b ) in broilers in comparison with those injected with diluent alone. Similarly, the 2 vitamin D 3 sources used together at higher doses of injection in the present study resulted in a higher PYM and a lower PYDM in broilers in comparison with those in response to 0.60 and 1.20 μg levels.…”

“…Effects of the in ovo injection of 25OHD 3 alone at various dosage levels on the hatchability, hatching chick quality, and the posthatch production and performance of broilers have been investigated ( Gonzales et al., 2013 , Bello et al., 2013 , Bello et al., 2014a , Bello et al., 2014b , Bello et al., 2014c , Bello et al., 2015 , Mansour et al., 2017 ). However, those effects on the broiler embryo have not been investigated when D 3 is administrated at 18 doi by amniotic in ovo injection alone or in combination with 25OHD 3 .…”

In ovodelivery of various biological supplements, vaccines and drugs in poultry: current knowledge

“…Zinc is less efficiently absorbed from the yolk in the final stages of incubation compared with in other minerals . Nutritional supplementation in ovo also helps in overall proper bone development . Researchers have studied the in ovo feeding of probiotics and/or nano‐forms of zinc, copper, and selenium over the health of the embryo and the results were very encouraging.…”

In ovo injection of nano‐selenium spheres mitigates the hatchability, histopathology image and immune response of hatched chicks

“…Furthermore, this technique ameliorated the immune response and increased the resistance against diseases, which resulted in low posthatch mortality and morbidity (Ferket, 2011). The micronutrients, vitamins, trace elements, amino acids, vaccines and functional feed additives can be injected to help the high-metabolism and fast-growing of broiler embryos (Bello, Hester, Gerard, Zhai, & Peebles, 2014;Foye, Ferket, & Uni, 2007;Goel, Bhanja, Mehra, Majumdar, & Pande, 2013;Goel, Bhanja, Mehra, Mandal, & Pande, 2016;Hassan, 2018;Lee et al, 2010;Macalintal, 2012;Pender et al, 2017;Sogunle, Elangovan, David, Ghosh, & Awachat, 2018;Zhai, Bennett, Gerard, Pulikanti, & Peebles, 2011).…”