Effects of the 2004 Great Sumatra Tsunami: Southeast Indian Coast

Yeh, Harry; Francis, Mathew; Peterson, Curt D.; Katada, Toshitaka; Latha, G.; Chadha, R. K.; Singh, Jonathan; Raghuraman, G.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-950x(2007)133:6(382)

Cited by 45 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Therefore, the degree of scattering relative to the tsunami height is larger in Ofunato, Kamaishi, Yamada Bays where the incoming tsunamis are relatively small. Another possible reason is that some of the measured heights are based on tsunami watermarks such as scratch marks and debris on structures or trees that are often caused by a local splash-up and do not necessarily represent an exact tsunami height [Yeh et al, 2007]. Figure 8 shows the same results as in Fig.…”

Section: Model Results and Validationsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Propagation and Inundation Characteristics of the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami on the Central Sanriku Coast

Shimozono

Sato

Okayasu

et al. 2012

Coastal Engineering Journal

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Propagation and inundation characteristics of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami on the central Sanriku coast are investigated through field surveys and numerical simulations using offshore wave recordings as incident wave conditions. The numerical model successfully reproduces the extent of flood areas as well as the distribution of tsunami heights along the intricate coastline except for run-up of extreme heights over steep slopes. The survey and computed results suggest significant variations of tsunami heights along the coastline. Their positive dependency on topographic slopes implies that the incoming tsunami propagates in standing wave mode to precipitous sites while in progressive wave mode accompanied 1250004-1 Coast. Eng. J. 2012.54. Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA @ SAN DIEGO on 06/04/15. For personal use only. T. Shimozono et al.by wave breaking over gentle slopes. Temporal-spatial analysis of wave properties in different bays reveals that the inner bay topography provides a clear contrast to inundation characteristics. The impacting waves have extreme heights due to the funnel effect and local wave resonances causing highly transient flooding in narrow V-shaped bays whereas tsunami surges over longer periods across innermost shores of U-shaped bays to produce large horizontal velocities during both run-up and backwash phases.

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Section: Model Results and Validationsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Propagation and Inundation Characteristics of the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami on the Central Sanriku Coast

Shimozono

Sato

Okayasu

et al. 2012

Coastal Engineering Journal

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“…Ref. [1][2][3] document damage from scour and fluid loading from the 2004 Great Indian Ocean Tsunami. The structural damage is strikingly similar to what can happen from hurricane storm surge and waves [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Results of Tsunami Bore Forces on Structures

Robertson

Riggs

Mohamed

2008

Volume 1: Offshore Technology

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A series of experiments has been carried out at the Tsunami Wave Basin (TWB) at Oregon State University (OSU) to determine the effect of tsunami bores on coastal and nearshore structures, especially buildings and bridges. The TWB is equipped with a piston-type wavemaker capable of generating clean solitary waves. The facility was used to model tsunami bores breaking over coastal reefs and their impact on structural components, including columns, walls, and horizontal members, such as building floors and bridge decks. Detailed wave height and velocity measurements were recorded as well.This paper focuses on the fluid forces of a bore impacting a wall/floor system. The experimental setup will be described and force results will be presented. The experimental results provide needed data to validate CFD models that can then be used to determine forces for a wider variety of situations.

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“…Two of the phenomena related to such events are the associated sediment deposition and a) Electronic mail: pjd38@cornell.edu sea bed erosion. 1,2 Both of these phenomena bear crucial implications for the design of the offand near-shore structures and for shoreline protection. These sediment-specific processes are mainly driven by the near-bed flow characteristics, i.e., turbulence and bottom stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional instability of the bottom boundary layer under a solitary wave

et al. 2015

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The objective of this paper is to establish a detailed map for the temporal instability of the bottom boundary layer (BBL) flow driven by a soliton-like wave induced pressure gradient in a U-tube-shaped tunnel, which serves as an approximation to the BBL under surface solitary waves. Both linear stability analysis and fully nonlinear two-dimensional simulations using high-order numerical methods have been carried out. The process of delineation of the stability regions as a function of boundary layer thickness-based Reynolds number of the temporally evolving base flow, Re δ , consists of two parts. In the first part, we assess the lower limit of the Re δ range within which the standard, quasi-steady, linear stability analysis is applicable when considering individual base flow profiles sampled during its transient evolution. Below this limit, transient linear stability analysis serves as a more accurate predictor of the stability properties of the base flow. In the second step, above the Re δ limit where the BBL is determined to be linearly unstable, the base flow is further classified as unconditionally stable, conditionally unstable, or unconditionally unstable in terms of its sensitivity to the amplitude and the insertion time of perturbations. Two distinct modes of instability exist in this case: post-and pre-flow-reversal modes. At a moderate value of Re δ , both modes are first observed in the wave deceleration phase. The post flow reversal mode dominates for relatively low Re and it is the one observed in Sumer et al.["Coherent structures in wave boundary layers. Part 2. Solitary motion," J. Fluid Mech. 646, 207 (2010)]. For Re above a threshold value of the base flow in the unconditionally unstable regime, the pre-flow reversal mode, which is longer in wavelength than its post-reversal counterpart, becomes dominant. In the same regime, the threshold Re δ value above which instability is observed in the acceleration phase of the wave is also identified. In this case, the base flow velocity profiles lack any inflection point, suggesting that the origin of such an instability is viscous. Finally, the lower Re δ limit above which quasi-steady linear stability analysis is valid may be independently obtained by adapting to the surface solitary wave BBL, an instability criterion which links the average growth rate and wave event timescale, as previously proposed in studies of the instability of the interior of progressive and solitary internal waves. C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.

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Effects of the 2004 Great Sumatra Tsunami: Southeast Indian Coast

Cited by 45 publications

References 3 publications

Propagation and Inundation Characteristics of the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami on the Central Sanriku Coast

Propagation and Inundation Characteristics of the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami on the Central Sanriku Coast

Experimental Results of Tsunami Bore Forces on Structures

Two-dimensional instability of the bottom boundary layer under a solitary wave

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