Effects of Sustained-Release Bupropion  and Supportive Group Therapy on Cigarette Consumption in Patients With Schizophrenia

Weiner, Elaine; Ball, M. Patricia; Summerfelt, Ann; Gold, James M.; Boyer, Robert

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.4.635

Cited by 92 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our analysis focuses on clinical studies of adult daily smokers. We have not included short-term human laboratory studies (Ho-Yen et al 1982;Benowitz et al 1986) or studies of adolescents (US Department of Health and Human Services 1994; Wetter et al 2004) pregnant smokers (US Department of Health and Human Services 2001) or smokers with a current psychiatric disorder (Dalack & MeadorWoodruff 1999;Weiner et al 2001;George et al 2002).…”

Section: Definition Of Reduced Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update

2005

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Aim To update conclusions of a previous review of smoking reduction on the extent to which (1) smokers spontaneously reduce their smoking, (2) smokers who try to quit and fail return to smoking less, (3) smokers can substantially reduce and maintain reductions via pharmacological and behavioral treatments and (4) smokers compensate when they reduce.Method Qualitative systematic review. Data sources Systematic computer searches and other methods. Study selectionPublished and unpublished studies of smokers not trying to stop smoking. We located 13-26 studies for each of the four aims. Data extractionThe first author entered data with confirmation by second author.Data synthesis Due to the heterogeneity of methods and necessity of extensive recalculation, a metaanalysis was not feasible.Results Few daily smokers spontaneously reduce. Among those who try to stop smoking and relapse, some return to reduced smoking but whether they maintain this reduction is unclear. Nicotine replacement (and perhaps behavior therapies) can induce smokers not interested in quitting to make significant reductions in their smoking and maintain these over time. Some compensatory smoking occurs with reduction but significant declines in smoke exposure still occur. ConclusionsThese results indicate that reduction is feasible when aided by treatment. Whether reduction should be promoted will depend on the effect of reduction on health outcomes and future cessation.

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Section: Definition Of Reduced Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update

2005

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“…Furthermore, even when interventions are been found to be modestly effective in double-blind trials, relapse is very common once the intervention is discontinued (Evins et al 2005, Evins et al 2007. Others have reported decreases in total cigarette consumption but little evidence is available to suggest that total abstinence is easily achieved even with combined pharmacologic agents currently available and behavioral interventions , Evins et al 2007, Weiner et al 2001.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lack of beneficial galantamine effect for smoking behavior: A double-blind randomized trial in people with schizophrenia

Kelly

McMahon

Weiner

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

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Cigarette smoking is schizophrenia is prevalent and may be due to self-medicating attempts to improve cognitive deficits related to α7 and α4β2 nicotinic receptor dysregulation. Galantamine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that acts as a positive allosteric modulator of nicotine acetylcholine receptors including both the α4β2 and α7 subunits. In a double blind randomized clinical trial galantamine was compared to placebo for its effects on cognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia. This manuscript reports findings for galantamine's effect on smoking behavior in people from this 12-week trial who were smokers (18 galantamine, 25 placebo). Expired CO was measured every 2 weeks and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was administered at baseline and endpoint. Expired CO measures in galantamine subjects were 23.0 ± 9.7 ppm and 21.1 ± 10.3 ppm at baseline and Week 12, respectively, compared to 20.1 ± 8.5 ppm and 21.0 ±10.3 ppm at baseline and Week 12 in placebo subjects. The mean tau-b correlation between expired CO level and visit was −0.05 ± 0.41 in the galantamine group and 0.13 ± 0.42 in the placebo group (F=0.73, df=1,38, p=0.40), suggesting that there were no trends toward increased or decreased smoking in either group. Mean FTND scores in the galantamine group were 4.9 ± 2.5 at baseline and 5.2 ± 2.2 at week 12, compared to 4.1 ± 2.6 at baseline and 3.7 ± 2.6 at Week 12 in the placebo group (Mantel-Haenszel Χ 2 = 5.53, df=1, p=0.019), for an effect size of 0.4. These results suggest that galantamine has no effect on cigarette smoking and that during galantamine treatment nicotine dependency scores worsen.

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“…A decade-long antismoking campaign that made most hospitals smoke-free (6)(7)(8) has done little to decrease rates of smoking by psychiatric patients. Nor have either generic or selectively targeted treatments achieved notable success in promoting smoking cessation among either schizophrenic (9)(10)(11)(12) or depressed (13,14) individuals. Only about 1% of the population is affected by schizophrenia, but the prevalence of nicotine dependence among schizophrenic people is very high (58%-92%) (15)(16)(17)(18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward Value of Cigarette Smoking for Comparably Heavy Smoking Schizophrenic, Depressed, and Nonpatient Smokers

Spring¹,

Pingitore²,

McChargue³

2003

AJP

139

102

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Effects of Sustained-Release Bupropion and Supportive Group Therapy on Cigarette Consumption in Patients With Schizophrenia

Abstract: Use of sustained-release bupropion in combination with supportive group therapy may help patients with schizophrenia decrease their cigarette consumption.

Cited by 92 publications

References 16 publications

The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update

The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update

Lack of beneficial galantamine effect for smoking behavior: A double-blind randomized trial in people with schizophrenia

Reward Value of Cigarette Smoking for Comparably Heavy Smoking Schizophrenic, Depressed, and Nonpatient Smokers

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